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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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element
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matter that is composed of one atom
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atom
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smallest piece of matter that still retains the property of the element
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the nucleus of an atom contains...
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protons and neutrons
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protons
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have a positive charge
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electrons
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outside the nucleus is a cloud of fast-moving, negatively charged particles.
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neutrons
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net electric charge of zero
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all atoms are electrically neutral because...
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they contain identical numbers of negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons
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ion
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if an atom loses or gains electrons, the positive and negative charges are not balanced.
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element
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if all the atoms in a substance have the same identity,an element cannot be broken down by physical o chemical means
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molecule
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when two atoms of an element combine, creating a molecule, which is a neutral particle that forms as a result of electron sharing
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compound
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is substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion.
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chemical formula
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tells what element a compound contains and the exact # of atoms of an element.
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atoms of noble gases are unusually ...
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stable
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chemical bond
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the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
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ionic bond
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is the force or attraction between opp charges of ions in ionic bond.
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covalent bond
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the attraction that forms when atoms share electrons
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polar molecule
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one that has a sort of positive and negative end, even thought the overall molecule is neutral.
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nonpolar molecule
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is one where electrons are shared equally in bonds.
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covalent compounds
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weak forces between individual molecules are responsible for the properties of covalent bonds.
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ionic compounds
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ionic bonds between ions are strong, resluting in the high melting and boiling points of ionic compounds.
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binary compound
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composed of two elements
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oxidation number
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tells how many electrons an atom has gained,lost or shared to become stable.
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polyatomic ion
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is a +/- charged,covalently bonded group of atoms.
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