Chemical Reactions, Metals And Alloys

Front 1

Another name for a chemical change is

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Chemical Reaction

Front 2

In a chemical reaction, the starting substance . . .

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changes into a new product.

Front 3

The starting substance in a reaction is called

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reactant

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The new substance created in a reaction is called the

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product

Front 5

Chemists say reactants ____ products.

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yield

Front 6

The total mass of the reactants equals

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the total mass of the product.

Front 7

Since the number of atoms stay the same in a chemical reaction it means that the atoms . . .

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rearrange into new combinations.

Front 8

The most reactive elements are

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metals

Front 9

Having a high reactivity means

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elements react easily with other elements.

Front 10

The most reactive family of metals are the

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alkali metals such as lithium and potassium

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the most reactive NON-metals are in the ________ family

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halogen


Such as fluorine and chlorine

Front 12

When reactive elements combine they give off

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heat and gas.

Front 13

a solid formed after solutions are mixed is called a

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precipitate

Front 14

One sign of a chemical change is a ________ being produced - this is indicated by bubbles.

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gas

Front 15

_________ increase is another sign of chemical change

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temperature

Front 16

A change in color can indicate

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a chemical reaction.

Front 17

the three signs of a chemical reaction are . . .

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increased heat, gas release, color change

Front 18

Household examples of chemical reactions are

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cooking and cleaning.

Front 19

Chemical reactions supply

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most energy needs. For example the burning of coal for electricity.

Front 20

A chemical reaction in plants is called

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photosynthesis

Front 21

A chemical reaction in people and animals is

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respiration (or breathing). We change oxygen into carbon dioxide.

Front 22

Metals make up ____% of the periodic table.

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75%

Front 23

Metals are good conductors of . . .

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heat and electricity.

Front 24

Two metals that are liquid at room temperature are

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Mercury and Bromine

Front 25

The most abundant metal is

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aluminum

Front 26

the OLDEST metal in use is

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copper

Front 27

metals are used for many purposes because of their wide range of

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melting points

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All metals are good __________ of heat and electricity.

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conductors

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Nonmetals are used as __________ because they DON'T conduct heat and electricity.

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insulators

Front 30

All metals are mailable; this means they can be pressed or pulled into shape without . . .

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shattering or breaking.

Front 31

Any metal that can be rolled or pounded into flat sheets is called . . .

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malleable.

Front 32

The ability for metals to be drawn into strands of wire this is called

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ductile

Front 33

The harder metals get, the more likely it is that they will

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break.

Front 34

When metals are eaten away by a chemical reaction it is called

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corrosion.

Front 35

When two metals, or a metal and a non-metal are combined an _______ is formed.

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Alloy

Front 36

What is an alloy

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an alloy is the combination of two metals, or a metal and a non-metal.

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Alloys are used to make metals

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stronger.

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Ductile

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the property of a metal that can be drawn out into strands of wire.

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Malleable

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the property of a metal that can be rolled or pounded into flat sheets.

Front 40

The 5 properties of metals are that they are:

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shiny, have a wide range of melting points, they conduct heat and electricity, they are ductile and malleable.

Front 41

The hardness of a metal is measured by

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denting it.

Front 42

Salt is . . .

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a compound made of a metal and a non-metal.

Front 43

The atomic particles in salt have an _________ charge.

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electric

Front 44

Salts have a _________ melting point.

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high

Front 45

Since salt is made of metals and non-metals it is a (good or bad) conductor of electricity.

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good

Front 46

A substance that tastes sour and turns blue litmus paper red is

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an acid

Front 47

Acid formulas usually begin with

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hydrogen

Front 48

Acids can be use to form

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salts

Front 49

A substance that tastes bitter and turns red litmus paper blue is

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a base

Front 50

Both acids and bases can _______ your skin.

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burn

Front 51

When bases react chemically with acid they form

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salts and water.

Front 52

WHEN an acid and base react chemically to form salt it is called

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neutralization.

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The STRENGTH of an acidic solution is called its

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acidity

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The STRENGTH of a base solution is called its

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alkalinity

Front 55

The scale used to measure the strength of acids and bases is called

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the pH scale.

Front 56

A common household use of salt is to

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flavor food.

Front 57

Some salts containing heavy metals are

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poisonous and should be avoided.

Front 58

Table salt is

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sodium chloride

Front 59

Why do salts have the ability to conduct heat and electricity?

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Because they contain metallic substances.

Front 60

At very cold temperatures, what loses all resistance to the flow of electricity?

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superconductors

Front 61

What occurs when bases react with acids to make salt and water?

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a neutralization reaction

Front 62

A mixture of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal, is called an

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alloy

Front 63

The strength of a basic solution is called its

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alkalinity

Front 64

A solid that forms in a solution during a chemical reaction is called a

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parcipitate

Front 65

The starting substances in a chemical reaction are called the

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reactants