Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Wavelength |
distance between two waves |
|
|
frequency |
number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time |
|
|
photon |
tiny packet of energy |
|
|
ground state |
lowest possible energy level state for an atom |
|
|
orbital |
region where an electron resides in an atom |
|
|
pauli exclusion principle |
orbital can hold no more than two electrons and they must be opposite spin |
|
|
valence electrons |
electrons in highest occupied principal energy level |
|
|
core electrons |
inner electrons of an atom |
|
|
ionization energy |
energy required to remove an electron from ab atom in the gas phase |
|
|
atomic mass unit |
1.66 x 10^-24 g |
|
|
average atomic mass |
weighted average of all isotopes of an element |
|
|
one mole |
6.02 x 10^23 units |
|
|
mass percent |
percent by mass of a component of a mixture |
|
|
molar mass |
mass of one mole of a substance |
|
|
empirical formula |
simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compund |
|
|
molecular formula |
actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule |
|
|
chemical reaction |
process in which new substances is formed |
|
|
reactant |
substance that enters in chemical reaction |
|
|
product |
wirtten on right side of arrow in chemical reaction |
|
|
coefficient |
numbers used to balance chemical equations |
|
|
nonelectrolyte |
doesn't dissociate in water |
|
|
strong electrolyte |
completely dissociates in water |
|
|
spectator ions |
do not take part in reaction |
|
|
acid |
produces H+ ions in water |
|
|
base |
produces OH- ions in water |
|
|
salt |
an ionic compound |
|
|
oxidation reduction reaction |
electrons are transferred |
|
|
double displacement reaction |
AB + CD --> AD + CB |
|
|
acid base reaction |
produces water |
|
|
single replacement reaction |
A + BC --> B + AC |
|
|
combustion reaction |
produces CO2 and H2O |
|
|
synthesis reaction |
A + B --> AB |
|
|
decomposition reaction |
AB --> A + B |
|
|
stoichiometry |
calculation of quantities in chemical reaction |
|
|
limiting reactant |
reactant that runs out first |
|
|
theoretical yield |
predicted amount of product |
|
|
excess reactant |
reactant that remains when reaction ends |
|
|
actual yield |
amount of product that is recovered |
|
|
percent yield |
comparison of predicted and actual amounts of product |
|
|
energy |
ability to do work or produce hear |
|
|
potential energy |
stored energy |
|
|
kinetic energy |
energy of motion |
|
|
work |
force acting over a distance |
|
|
state function |
property of a system that changes independent of the pathway |
|
|
tempetaure |
measure of the random motions of molecules |
|
|
heat |
flow of energy due to temperature differences |
|
|
system |
portion of the universe in which you are interested |
|
|
surroundings |
the remainder of the universe |
|
|
exothermic |
energy as heat flowers out of the system |
|
|
endothermix |
energy as heat flowers into the system |
|
|
calorie |
energy needed to raise temperature of 1G of a water 1 C |
|
|
specific heat capacity |
energy needed to raise temperature of 1G of a substance 1 C |
|
|
entropy |
a measure of the disorder of a system |
