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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of matter
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Anything that has mass and occupies space |
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Definition of mass
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A measure of the amount of matter in an object vs weight, which is the measure of gravitational force |
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Definition of a solid
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Something that has a definite volume and definite shape which is independent of the container holding it |
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Definition of a liquid
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Something that has a definite volume but has a variable shape that depends on the container that is holding it |
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Definition of a gas
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Something that has a variable volume and a variable shape that depends on the container that is holding it |
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State of matter problems
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Make a diagram: Solid -> 0 C Liquid (Melting point) -> 16.6 C Gas (boiling point) -> 118 C Then find where the offered number falls. 10 C is between 0 C and 16.6 C, so at 10 C, that substance would be a solid |
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Chemical vs Physical properties
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Physical- Does not change the chemical formula ***Burning is a chemical change |
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Meaning of a chemical formula, what is communicated
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A chemical formula describes the chemical composition of substance. It communicates both the names of the elements and the numbers of molecules of each C12H22O11 = 12 C Atoms 22 H Atoms 11 O Atoms |
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Compound vs Element
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-Can be separated only by chemical change -2 or more elements -Chemically bonded Element: -Only one atom -Building blocks of matter -Cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by physical or chemical means |
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Differences in physical qualities of metals vs non metals
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-Metallic luster -Solid at 25 C (room temp) -Malleable, ductile -Good Conductors -React with nonmetals by loosing electrons Non-Metals: -Not lustrous -Brittle -Poor Conductors -React with metals by gaining electrons |
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Groups vs periods on the periodic table
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-Periods- rows of elements with increasing atomic number |
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Scientific notation
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-Written as the product of two numbers -One number between 1-10 -Ten raised to an integer power Examples: 215 = 2.15 x 10^2 0.0215 = 2.15 x 10^-2 3.7962 x 10^4 = 37962 1.56 x 10^-8 = .0000000156 |
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Significant figures rules
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ex: 12304 = 5 significant figures 2) Zeroes in the beginning of a number are not significant ex: 0.01234 = 4 significant figures 3) Zeroes at the end of a number after a decimal point are significant ex: 123.400 = 6 significant figures 4) Zeroes at the end of a whole number with an implied decimal point may or may not be significant ex: 123000= 3-6 significant figures |
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Describe proton, Neutrons, and electrons
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-Mass: 1.67 x 10^-24g -Charge: +1 -Location: Nucleus Neutrons -Mass: 1.67 x 10^-24g -Charge: 0 -Location: Nucleus Electrons -Mass: 9.109 x 10^-28g -Charge: -1 -Location: Surrounding nucleus |
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Definition of a neutral atom
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An atom where the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons |
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What is the difference between atomic number and mass number
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Mass number= Number of Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus Mass number= average mass of an element and its isotopes |
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What is the definition of an isotope?
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Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
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How is the periodic table arranged, in relation to atomic numbers
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The periodic table is arranged according to increased atomic number
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Where is the majority of the mass of an atom concentrated?
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(Protons and Neutrons have more mass than Electrons) |
