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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If the K of the equilibrium is greater than 1, equilibrium favors ___.
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products
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If the K of the equilibrium is less than 1, equilibrium favors ___.
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reactants
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What is not included in the equilibrium constant equation?
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solids
liquids |
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If Q>K, what direction does the reaction go
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left
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If Q<K, what direction does the reaction go
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right
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When can the approximations be used in the equilibrium constant equation?
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when the initial M is high
and when the K value is really small x/initial [ ] bust be below 5% |
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Kp = Kc when ____.
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delta n = 0
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Adding reactant shifts reaction ____.
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right
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Removing reactant shifts reaction ____.
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left
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Adding product shifts reaction ____.
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left
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Removing product shifts reaction ____.
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right
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Lowering volume shifts ____.
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towards fewer moles
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Raising pressure shifts____.
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towards fewer moles
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Raising volume shifts ____.
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towards more moles
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Lowering pressure shifts ____.
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towards more moles
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In endothermic, raising heat shifts ____.
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right
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In endothermic, lowering heat shifts ____.
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left
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In exothermic, raising heat ____.
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left
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In exothermic, lowering heat ____.
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right
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Acids have a ____ taste.
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sour
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Bases have a ____ taste.
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bitter
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Bases feel ____.
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slippery
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In Arrhenius Theory, bases ____ in water to produce ____ ions in (aq) solutions.
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dissociate
OH- |
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In Arrhenius Theory, acids ____ in water to produce ____ ions in (aq) solutions.
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ionize
H+ |
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In Arrhenius Theory Acid-Base reactions, acid+base--> ____+____
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salt + water
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In Bronstead-Lowery, acids are H+ ____.
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donors
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In Brondtead-Lowery, bases are H+ ____.
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acceptors
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In Lewis, acids are e- ____.
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acceptors
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In Lewis, bases are e- ____.
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donors
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Polyprotic acids ionize in ____.
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steps
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In polyprotic acids, removal of the second H+ is ____ difficult than the first H+.
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more
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pH + pOH = ____
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14
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Kw = ____
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1.0 x 10^-14
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The stronger the acid, the ____ the pKa
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smaller
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The weaker the acid, the ____ the pKa
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higher
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In ____ acids, the [H30] = [HAcid]
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strong
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The higher the percent ionization, the ____ the acid.
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stronger
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What are the 6 strong acids?
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HCl
HBr HI HNO3 H2SO4 HClO4 |
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What are the 6 strong bases
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LiOH
NaOH KOH Ca(OH)2 Sr(OH)2 Ba(OH)2 |
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For conjugate acids, you ____ a proton to the base.
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add
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For conjugate bases, you ____ a proton from the acid.
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remove
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What are two common polyprotic acids?
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H3PO4
H2SO4 |
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The stronger the acid, the ____ the Ka
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higher
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The weaker the acid, the ____ the Ka
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lower
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Concentration of H30 times the concentration of OH equals ____.
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Kw
1.0x10^-14 |
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Group 1A and 2A metals produce ____ cations in salsts.
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neutral
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If the metal cation for salts are not in group 1A or 2A it will be a ____.
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weak acid
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If the cation is the conjugate acid of a weak base it will be ____.
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acidic
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If the anion is the conj base of a strong acid it will be ____.
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neutral
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If the anion is the conj base of a weak acid it will be ____.
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weak base
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What affects acidity in binary acids?
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Bond polarity
Bond Strength |
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If a bond is very polar the acid is____, and will lose the H+ ____.
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strong
easily |
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The stronger the bond, the ____ the acid.
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weaker
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Binary acids trand ____ and ____ on the periodic table.
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right
down |
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Oxyacids Trend ____ and ____ on the periodic table.
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right
up |
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The weaker the bond the ____, the acid.
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stronger
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For oxyacids, the more oxygens, the ____ acidic it is.
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more
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For oxyacids, the more elctronegative y is, the ____ acidic it is.
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more
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For oxyacids, the less elctronegative y is, the ____ acidic it is.
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less
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If the Lewis dot structure has a lone electron pair, it is a ____.
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base
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Cations tend to form ____ solutions.
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acidic
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The weaker the acid, the ____ its conjugate base.
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stronger
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Is the equilibrium constant K dependent on temp.
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yes
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pH < 7 =
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acid
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pH >7 =
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base
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pOH < 7 =
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base
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pOH > 7 =
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acid
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H3O+ ion is also called ____ ion.
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hydronium
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What is the term for a substance that can act as either an acid or base?
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amphoteric
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What is an oxyacid?
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Acid that contains a hydrogen bonded to an oxygen that is bonded to at least one other element
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What is a binary acid?
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Contains hydrogen and one other element
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The H+ ion is called a ____.
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proton
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The OH- ion is called the ____.
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hydroxide
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