Chem Ch 13

Front 1

Soluble

Back 1

Capable of being dissolved

Front 2

Solution

Back 2

homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase
sugar water is simplest
Same composition and properties throughout

Front 3

solvent

Back 3

dissolving medium
(water)

Front 4

solute

Back 4

substance being dissolved
(salt)
lesser quantity

Front 5

alloys

Back 5

solid solutions in which the atoms of two or more metals are uniformly mixed

Front 6

suspension

Back 6

particles are so large they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated
muddy jar of water

Front 7

colloids

Back 7

particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspecions form mixtures known as colloids
1nm to 1000nm

Front 8

tyndall effect

Back 8

light is scattered by collodial particles dispersed in a transparent medium
distinguish between solution and colloid

Front 9

electrolyte

Back 9

substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current
sodium chloride
high polar

Front 10

nonelectrolyte

Back 10

substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct electric current
sugar

Front 11

dissolution

Back 11

increase surface area (crush)
stirr
heat

Front 12

solution equilibrium

Back 12

physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallizaton of a solute occur at equal rates

Front 13

saturated

Back 13

contains maximum amount of dissolved solute

Front 14

unsaturated

Back 14

solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under the existing conditions

Front 15

supersaturated

Back 15

solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions

Front 16

solubility

Back 16

amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific temp
varies with temp.
grams of solute per 100 g of solvent

Front 17

similar substances

Back 17

type of bonding
polar or nonpolar
intermolecular forces

Front 18

hydration

Back 18

water as solvent
ions are hydrated

Front 19

hydrates

Back 19

retain specific ratios of water molecules

Front 20

immiscible

Back 20

liquid solutes and solvents that are not soluble in eachother
oil and water

Front 21

miscible

Back 21

disolve freely iin eachother

Front 22

pressure

Back 22

increases in pressure increase gas solubilities in liquids

Front 23

henry's law

Back 23

solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid
applies to gas liquid solutions at constant temp.

Front 24

effervescence

Back 24

rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it is dissolved
opening a bottle of coke

Front 25

solvated

Back 25

solute particle that is surrounded by solvent molecules

Front 26

heat of solution

Back 26

amount of heat energy absorbed or released when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent
negative- heat is released
positive- heat is absorbed

Front 27

concentration

Back 27

measure of hte amount of solute iin a given amount of solvent or solution

Front 28

dilute

Back 28

small amount of solute in a solvent

Front 29

concentrated

Back 29

large amount of solute in a solvent

Front 30

molarity

Back 30

number of moles of solute in one liter of solution
M=n/l

Front 31

molality

Back 31

concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
m=n/kg