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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Units for molar mass. |
g/mol |
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Units for formula mass. |
amu |
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What allows us to relate moles to grams? |
Molar mass |
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What allows us to relate true Count and formula units to moles? |
Avogadro's number 6.022 x 10^23 |
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What allows us to relate units? |
Subscripts |
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Define balanced chemical equations |
Have the same number of each element on both sides |
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What are the five classes of reactions? |
1. Combination reaction 2. Decomposition reaction 3. Single displacement 4. Double displacement 5. Combustion |
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What is another name for combination reaction? |
Synthesis |
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What are the two types of double displacement? |
1. Metathesis 2. Neutralization |
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Explain neutralization reaction. |
Acid + base = saltwater |
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What form are ionic compounds always found in? |
Ionic compounds |
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Define coefficient |
Indicates how many of a substance |
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Explain combination reaction or synthesis. |
Making something. You have two or more substances that combine to make one new substance |
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Submicroscopic level and microscopic level |
? |
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Explain decomposition reaction |
Breaking apart. One substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. |
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When elements are heated what, may be released? And what does this mean for the element's Mass? |
Gas Lowered |
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Quantitative ratio |
? |
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In single displacement reaction what does the element usually replace in the compound? |
The element that is most like |
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Explain single displacement |
An element replaces an element within a compound producing a new compound and an element |
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Precipitate |
A solid that falls out a solution |
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Explain double displacement reaction |
The swapping of ion pairs to produce new substance |
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Other than metethesis and neutralization, double displacement may also be called what kind of reaction? Why? |
Precipitation reaction, forms a pacipitate. |
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In reactions when elements are swapping partners, which comes first, cations or anions? How do u know? |
Positive comes first: cations then anions |
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Give two examples of evidence of chemical change. |
Color Forming of a solid (precipitate) |
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Explain combustion |
Rapid combination with oxygen oxygen |
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Combustion is highly exothermic, what does this mean? |
-Releases a lot of heat -May produce flames |
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What reaction focuses on hydrocarbons? What are two very similar, but yet very different hydrocarbons? and how are they different? |
Combustion reaction Carbon monoxide-toxic Carbon dioxide- not toxic |
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What are the two categories of combustion? |
Complete & incomplete combustion |
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Explain complete combustion. What's produced? |
Limited amount of o2 available CO and H2O are produced |
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Explain incomplete combustion. What's produced? |
Access amount of o2 available CO2 and H2O are produced |
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What word could replace Limited? |
Insufficient |
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What word could replace excess? |
Sufficient |
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Water is made up of what? |
H + HO= H2O |
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How is Hexane related to combustion? |
It is completely combusted |
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How is acting related to combustion? |
Incompletely combusted limited amount of o2 |
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Define stoichiometry |
Is the study of quantitative relationships among the reaction and products in a chemical system. |
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During the Stoichiometry process, what do coefficients become? |
Conversion factors |
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How do you find your percent yield? |
____actual yield____× 100 theoretical yield |
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Actual yield |
The amount of product that was truly obtained from the experimental process - little waist |
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Theoretical yield |
Max amount of product that can be produced - the calculated value |
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What unit should the theoretical yield hold? |
Grams |
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Let's say there's a given balanced equation, and info. stating "8.65g of Pb (C2H3O2)2 completely reacted" and then asked "If I started with 5.00 g of NaSO4, how much was in excess?" What are the next steps to follow? |
-Take the compound given that completely reacted, -and relate it with the new excess cmpd -with the mole to mole ratio found in the balanced equation -subtract that answer to the 5.00g - and the answer is your access |
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If a problem states "I isolated a ##g AxY from the system, what yield is that isolated amount considered? And how do you find the other yield? |
It is giving the actual yield You put the actual yield over the theoretical yield and ×100 |
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List 5 factors of limiting reactant. |
1. Runs out first 2. reaction stops when it's gone 3. how much product we can make can be determined. 4. Theoretical yield can be determined. |
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Between the limiting amount an excess amount which runs out first? And what else is this amount considered to be? |
The smaller amount runs out first this is also you or your reticle yield |
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You are given a balanced equation: ABc(aq)+DAb(aq)-->AAb(s)+BcD(aq) "What is the theoretical yield of the percipitate?" -Explain which is the percipitate, -the steps to find the limiting reactant, - how to determine which runs out first -and what that also means? |
-the percipitate is the (s) which falls out of the solution (on r side) -the limit reactant is found by relating the ppt to both reactants -use the answer of the smaller amount. And this is your limiting reactant, which runs out first. -also considered the theoretical yield of the percipitate. |
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After you have determined the theoretical yield of the percipitate, how do you find how much of excess reagent remained unreactive? First step? Second? What should you remember about the sigfigs when finding unreacted remains? |
1st you must find how much REACTED by relating the excess to the limited reactant. 2nd subtract the reacted from the given/actual excess amount -always remember the sigfigs lye in the decimal place cuz last step was Subtracting!!! |
