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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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large, relatively self-contained landmass forming a subdivision of a continent.
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subcontinent
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seasonal wind that dominates India's climate.
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monsoon
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Indus valley civilization.
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Harappan civilization
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fertile soil deposited by the Yellow River.
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loess
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animal bone or tortoise shell used by priests to communicate with the gods.
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oracle bone
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divine approval from heaven to rule.
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Mandate of Heaven
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the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties.
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dynastic cycle
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political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to the king, in return for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land.
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feudalism
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group of nomadic peoples.
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Indo-Europeans
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dry grasslands.
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steppes
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movement from one region to another.
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migration
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Indo-European people who settled in Anatolia.
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Hittites
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huge peninsula in modern day Turkey (Asia Minor).
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Anatolia
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Indo-European people who invaded the Indian subcontinent.
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Aryans
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4 collections of prayers, magical prayers, and instructions for performing rituals.
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Vedas
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priest
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Brahmin
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1 of the 4 classes of people in the social system.
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caste
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great Indian epic poem.
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Mahabharata
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an individual soul or spirit is born again and again until moksha is achieved.
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reincarnation
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good or bad deeds.
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karma
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religion whose members believed everything has a soul and should not be harmed.
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Jainism
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founder of Buddhism.
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Siddhartha Gautama
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wisdom
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enlightenment
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Buddha's word for release from selfishness and pain.
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nirvana
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Indo-European person who settled on the Greek mainland.
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Mycenaean
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Mycenaeans attacked Troy.
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Trojan war
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Greek-speaking person who moved into mainland Greece.
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Dorian
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greatest storyteller, blind
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Homer
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narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds.
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epic
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traditional stories about greek gods.
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myth
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city-state, fundamental political unit.
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polis
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fortified hilltop where politics was discussed.
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acropolis
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government where a single person rules.
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monarchy
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government ruled by a few nobles (landowners).
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aristocracy
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government ruled by a group of powerful people.
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oligarchy
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ruler representing the ordinary people.
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tyrant
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rule by the people.
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democracy
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Messenian slave forced to work on land.
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helot
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military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields.
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phalanx
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wars between Greece and the Persian empire.
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Persian wars
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government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives.
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direct democracy
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art that emphasizes harmony, order, and proportion.
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classical art
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serious drama about love, hate, war, or betrayal.
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trajedy
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scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor.
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comedy
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war between Athens and Sparta.
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Peloponnesian war
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means "lover of wisdom".
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philosopher
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believed standards exist for truth and justice.
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Socrates
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student of Socrates
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Plato
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student of Plato, invented rules to argue logically.
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Aristotle
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King of Macedonia, wanted to control Greece and take Persia's wealth.
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Phillip II
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kingdom north of Greece.
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Macedonia
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Phillip's son, proclaimed himself king after his father's death, named for his accomplishments.
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Alexander the Great
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Persian king who tried to defeat Alexander.
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Darius III
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culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influences.
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Hellenistic
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foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization.
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Alexandria
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highly regarded mathematician who taught in Alexandria.
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Euclid
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important Hellenistic scientist who accurately estimated the value of pi.
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Archimedes
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largest known Hellenistic statue more than 100 feet high.
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Colossus of Rhodes
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