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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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same technique used in the Renaissance to create the illusion of height.
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anamorphism
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first book produced.
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Gutenberg bible
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powerful banking family from Florence.
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Medici
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wealthiest European of the time.
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Cosimo de Medici
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man who excelled in many fields.
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Renaissance Man
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The Courtier- taught how to achieve being a Renaissance Man.
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Baldassare Castiglione
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painted the Mona Lisa.
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Leonardo da Vinci
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painted The School of Athens.
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Raphael
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painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
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Michelangelo
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father of Renaissance humanism.
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Francesco Petrarch
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wrote The Decameron, which was about a rural group of people avoiding the plague.
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Giovanni Boccaccio
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author of The Prince which explains how a ruler can gain power and keep it.
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Niccolo Machiavelli
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said fear is a greater weapon than love.
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Niccolo Machiavelli
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German painter used religious subjects, classical myths, realistic landscapes.
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Albrecht Durer
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artistic center of Northern Europe.
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Flanders
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oil paintings, unusually realistic details.
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Jan Van Eyck
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skilled in portraying large numbers of people.
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Peter Bruegel
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most famous Christian humanists.
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Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More
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author of Utopia.
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Thomas More
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one of the first women to earn a living as a writer.
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Christine de Pizan
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greatest playwright of all time, displayed a masterful command of the English language.
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William Shakespeare
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developed the printing press.
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Johann Gutenberg
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"through faith alone."
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Luther
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Luther's teachings.
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salvation
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Excommunicated Martin Luther.
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Pope Leo X
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model city of highly moral citizens for Protestants.
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Geneva
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Gave order to the faith Luther began.
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Calvin
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Scottish preacher.
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John Knox
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followers of Calvin in France.
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Huguenots
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wrote Spiritual Exercises.
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Ignatius of Loyola
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a devotional study book.
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Spiritual Exercises
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Catholic mobs began hunting for Protestants and murdering them. Over 12,000 killed.
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St. Bartholomew's day massacre
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Banned the false selling of indulgences. The church's interpretation of the Bible was final. Christians need faith and good works for salvation. The Bible and church tradition were equally powerful authorities for guiding Christian life.
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Council of Trent
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list of books harmful to the Catholic faith. They were all burned.
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Index of Forbidden Books
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light, fast-sailing ship, capable of going against headwinds.
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caravel
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navigational device that's based off monitoring the stars. Perfected by Muslims.
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astrolabe
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Henry the Navigator Enthusiastic, patron of exploration, established a navigational school.
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prince Henry
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Portuguese explorer, got to the Southern tip of Africa.
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Bartolomeu Dias
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Southern tip of Africa.
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Cape of Good Hope
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first explorer to connect Europe with Asia.
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Vasco da Gama
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convinced Spain of a bold plan: to sail west across the Atlantic Ocean to reach Asia.
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Christopher Columbus
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sails along coast of South America concluding it was new land, not Asia.
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Amerigo Vespucci
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First European to see Pacific Ocean.
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Balboa
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First to circumnavigate the world.
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Magellan's fleet
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sailed to present day Canada.
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John Cabot
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Sent to explore South America's west coast.
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Sir Francis Drake
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dutch-born explorer sent to find the Northeast Passage (failed).
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Henry Hudson
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claimed Canada for France.
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John Cartier
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colonist gets land and number of Native Americans to work the land. He then teaches them about Christianity.
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encomienda system
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3 Spanish advantages.
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superior weapons, disease, native support
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Spanish official who ruled a large area in the name of the king.
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viceroy
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all lands west of the line belong to Spain, east of line belong to Portugal.
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line of Demarcation
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Spain/Portugal honor the slightly moved west line of Demarcation.
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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founded city of Quebec.
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Samuel de Champlain
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canoed down the Mississippi River. Claimed region of Louisiana for France.
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Robert La Salle
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first English colony.
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Jamestown, Virginia
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colony of pilgrims.
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Plymouth, Massachusetts
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British defeated the French.
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French and Indian War
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led expedition into Mexico that ended with the conquest of the Aztecs.
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Hernando Cortes
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Spanish soldier, fortune hunter who conquered natives.
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conquistador
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led the expedition into Peru, home to the Incan Empire.
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Francisco Pizarro
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Incan ruler.
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Atahualpa
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New France
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Canada
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estates where cash crops were grown on large scale.
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plantation
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early cash crops.
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sugar or tobacco
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Dutch holdings in North America.
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New Netherland
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buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas.
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Atlantic slave trade
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transatlantic three part trading network for African slaves.
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triangular trade
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ships carry European goods to Africa. Middle Passage. American products are sent back to Europe (sugar, rice, tobacco).
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legs of triangular trade
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Africans shipped across the Atlantic Ocean to be sold as slaves.
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middle passage
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The horrible overseas journey.
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Middle Passage
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contact between Native Americans and European colonialists that led to widespread exchange of plants, animals, and disease.
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Columbian Exchange
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economic system where private individuals or organizations carry out activity in order to seek a profit.
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capitalism
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investors buy shares of stock, or shares of the company.
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joint-stock company
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economic policy stating a nation's strength depended on its wealth. Measured by gold and silver possessed.
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mercantilism
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selling more goods than you buy.
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favorable balance of trade
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important taxes.
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tariffs
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government grants of money.
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subsidies
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this view believed colonies existed only to benefit the home countries.
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mercantilist view
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rebirth, explosion of art, writing, and thought.
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Renaissance
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intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements.
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humanism
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worldly instead of spiritual.
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secular
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financial supporter of an artist.
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patron
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shows 3D on a flat surface.
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perspective
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native language writers used.
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vernacular
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"ideal place," imaginary land where greed, corruption, and war have been weeded out.
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utopia
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religious pardon.
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indulgence
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movement for religious reform.
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Reformation
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separate religious group that followed Luther.
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Lutheran
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Christians who belonged to non-Catholic churches.
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Protestant
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princes agreed that each ruler would determine the religion in his state.
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Peace of Augsburg
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set aside if proof can be found that the marriage wasn't legal.
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annul
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church of England, only legal church in England.
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Anglican
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God has known since the beginning of time who would be saved.
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predestination
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religion based on predestination.
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Calvinism
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government controlled by religious leaders.
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theocracy
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followers of John Knox.
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Presbyterian
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"baptize again" in Greek.
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Anabaptist
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Counter Reformation.
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Catholic Reformation
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followers of Ignatius of Layola, formed the Society of Jesus.
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Jesuits
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