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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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A glucose molecule is to starch as? |
A nucleotide is to a nucleic acid |
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What makes a fatty acid an acid? |
It has a carboxyl group that can donate an H+ to a solution. |
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Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because? |
Their digestive tract contains prokaryotes that can hydrolyzes the bonds of cellulose |
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Unsaturated fats? |
Have double bonds in their fatty acid chains. |
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Which of the following substance is a major component of the cell membrane of a fungus? |
Phospholipids |
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Which structural level of a protien would be least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding? |
Primary structure |
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Enzymes usually function best at an option pH and temperature. The following graph shows the effectiveness of two enzymes at various temperature temperature |
Enzyme A and Enzyme B |
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At which temperature does enzymes A perform best? And enzymes B |
A:At about 37c and Enzyme B at about 78c |
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One of these enzymes is found in humans and the other in thermophillic (heat-loving) bacteria. Which enzyme would you predict comes from which organism? |
From humans (human body temperature is about 37c) and from thermophillic bacteria |
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From what you know about enzyme structure, explaine why the rate of the reaction catalyzed by enzyme A slows down at temperatures above 40c (140C)? |
Above 40c the human enzyme features and loses its shape and thus it's function. The increased thermal energy disrupts the weak bonds that maintain secondary and Tetiary structure in an enzyme. |
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What is the major function of a carbohydrates? |
Energy |
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Functions of a carbohydrates are |
Energy, membrane structure,cell walls,exoskeletons |
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Structures of a protien? (P,S,T,Q) |
Primary-order of amino acid(effect all levels) Secondary-due to hydrogen bonding( patterns of folding and twisting) Tetiary- overall irregular folding of molecules due to many bond types. Quaternary- polypeptides chains attach to each other. |
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How do you form building blocks? |
By using dehydration synthesis |
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Macromolecules (protein) |
Monomers (amino acids) |
Polymers (polypeptides) |
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Macromolecules (carbohydrates) |
Monomers (monosaccharides) |
Polymers (polysaccharides) |
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Macromolecules (lipids) |
Monomers (glycerol head, building blocks, 3 fatty acid tsils) |
Polymers ( not a polymer) |
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Macromolecules (Nucleic acids, DNA,RNA,AID) |
Monomers (nucleotides) |
Polymers (Nucleic Acid) |
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2 types of storage polysaccharides are? |
Starch=coiled structure Glycogen is a branched structure |
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Structure polysaccharides are? |
Callous is the parellel rows(building bridges. Chitin- is the structural polysaccharides. |
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Functions for Lipids are? |
(Fat droplets), stored energy, insulating cushion,hormones(steroids), cell membrane |
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Fatty Acid or Hydrocarbon or Nonpolar tails on a lipid only contain? |
Hydrogen and Carbon |
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Unsaturated fats in lipids have? |
Bent tails and a double bonded carbon |
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Saturated fats in a lipid have? |
No bends in tail they have 3 straight tails |
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Phospholipids have? |
2 tails and are amphaphatletic. The head is polar The tail is nonpolar |
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Monosaccharides are |
Simple sugars |
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