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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromosomes |
Found in Nucleus contain and transmit DNA |
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DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid |
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Gene |
segment of DNA that contains the code for biological makeup |
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Mitosis |
DNA duplicates itself produces new body cells containing the same genetic info |
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Meiosis |
gametes are formed halves the number of chromosomes normally present |
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autosomes |
22 matching pairs of chromosomes |
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sex chromosomes |
23rd pair of chromosomes |
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chromosome XX |
female |
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chromosome XY |
male |
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gametes |
sex cells (sperm and ovum) |
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zygote |
formed when sperm and egg unite |
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Does the egg or sperm determine the sex |
sperm (male) |
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what is dizygotic |
fraternal twins |
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fraternal twins |
results from releases and fertilization of 2 eggs |
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monozygotic |
identical twins |
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identical twins |
when a single zygote separates to form 2 individuals |
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mutation |
sudden, permanent change in a segment of DNA |
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polygenic inheritance |
characteristics influenced by many genes |
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down syndrome |
abnormalities caused by problems with 21st chromosome with the X and Y chromosome |
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what increased the risk of a baby being born with Down Syndrome? |
older mothers have a higher risk of having a child with DS |
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reproduction technology |
donor insemination invitro fertilization surrogacy |
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prenatal diagnostic methods |
amniocentesis ultrasound preimplantation genetic diagnosis |
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amniocentesis |
needle interested through the abdominal wall obtain omniotic fluid sample for analysis for potential genetic defects |
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ultrasound |
high frequency sound waves beamed at the uterus shows size, shape, and placement of fetus |
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preimplantation genetic diagnosis |
during IVF where cells are removed and examined for heredity defects |
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Environmental contexts for Dev. |
Family Socioeconomic status Neighborhoods Cultural context |
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Heritability estimates |
estimate of variation in a given behavior or a disorder is due to genes versus the environment |
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Gene-enviroment interaction |
Individuals respond differently to same environment because of genetic makeup |
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Gene-enviroment correlation |
Our genes influence the environment to which we are exposed and to a degree vice versa |
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Passive |
Parents provide environments based on their own heredity |
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evocative |
children evoke responses based on their own heredity |
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active |
children pick their own activity |
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epigenesis |
way a gene changes in the face of environmental influences
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