Chapter One Us History

Front 1

Colombian Exchange

Back 1

The transatlantic trade that existed between the old world and new. The Natives shared corn, tobacco, cotton; and the Europeans shared horses, rice, sugar, and cattle

Front 2

caravel

Back 2

a ship capable of long-distance travel

Front 3

compass

Back 3

a device used by sailors to determine their location and direction with great accuracy

Front 4

Bartolomeu Dias

Back 4

This Portuguese sailor reached the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of africa

Front 5

vasco de gama

Back 5

this portuguese sailor sailed around africa to india

Front 6

ferdinand magellan

Back 6

he led the first expedition to sail around the world. he was killed in the philippines, but his fleet continued, ultimately clarifying the correct size of the world

Front 7

hernan cortes

Back 7

first explorer to encounter a major american civilization. conquered tenochtitlan with his technology, diseases, and thousands of warriors. he was allies with the aztecs

Front 8

francisco pizarro

Back 8

conquered the incans (modern-day peru). killed the incan king at ransom

Front 9

peninsulares

Back 9

persons of high social ranking in spain who had migrated to the americas.

Front 10

criollos

Back 10

people of spanish heritage born in new spain

Front 11

mestizos

Back 11

persons of mixed origin-spaniard and an indian. people in this rank could not hold political positions or become priests.

Front 12

mulatto

Back 12

the child of an african and a spaniard

Front 13

Pope Alexander VI

Back 13

papal authority who divided the new world between spain and portugal

Front 14

bartolome de las casas

Back 14

priest who published an account of the decimation of the indian population "a very brief account of the destruction of the indies"

Front 15

encomienda system

Back 15

a system of native american slavery abolished in 1540s.

Front 16

repartimiento system

Back 16

system that proceeded the encomienda system. whereby residents of indian villages remained legally free and entitled to wages, but were still required to work.

Front 17

black legend

Back 17

image of spain as a uniquely brutal and exploitative colonizer. influenced by las casas

Front 18

ponce de leon

Back 18

spanish explorer who entered fla. searching for the fountain of youth

Front 19

onate

Back 19

expplorer who laid siege to the acoma indians and killed half the tribe. he was punished and ordered home.

Front 20

john cabot

Back 20

this explorer reached newfoundland in 1497. he was the first to encounter the north american continent since the vikings

Front 21

anglican church

Back 21

church of england, under king henry VIII. after he divorced catholic wife and split with the church

Front 22

elizabeth I

Back 22

virgin queen, granted charters to explorers sir humphrey gilbert and sir walter raleigh.

Front 23

roanoke

Back 23

island off the coast of north carolina. established by raleigh. all settlers disappeared "croatoan"

Front 24

levellers

Back 24

history's first democratic political movement. offered a glimpse of freedom as a universal entitlement in a society based on equal rights. in england

Front 25

cahokia

Back 25

natives of the cahokia. a large urban community that declined. some speculate the overuse of trees by the big population caused soil erosion and flooding.

Front 26

pueblo revolt

Back 26

an brutal, drawn out, and bloody uprising of the Pueblo people against Spanish colonization of the Americas in mx. end result-the natives kept their own religion