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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Heat
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flow of thermal energy from one object to another
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Thermal Energy
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the total of all the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in a substance
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Specific heat
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the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material by one degree
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Calorimeter
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used to help measure the specific heat of a substance
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Heat of Fusion
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the amount of energy required to change 1 kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid at its melting point
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Heat of Vaporization
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the amount of energy required for 1 kg of a liquid at its boiling point to become a gas
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Solid
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has a definite volume and shape
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Liquid
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has a definite volume and conforms to container it is in (no definite shape)
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Convection
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the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of the fluid from place to place
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Conduction
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the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles; can occur in solids, liquids and gases.
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Radiation
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the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves
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Thermodynamics
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the study of the relationship between thermal energy, heat and work
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System
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anything that you can draw a boundary around
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Open system
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a system where thermal energy flows across the boundary or work is done across the boundary
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closed system
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a system where no thermal energy flows across the boundary and no outside work is done - the thermal energy doesn't change
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1st law of thermodynamics
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the increase in thermal energy in a system is equal to the work done and the heat added to the system
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2nd law of thermodynamics
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it is impossible for heat to flow from cooler to warmer objects unless work is done.
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heat engine
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a device that converts thermal energy into work
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Entropy
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a measure of how spread out energy is
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Intake stroke
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intake valve opens, piston draws in gas and air as it lowers
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Compression stroke
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intake valve closes as piston moves upward compressing the fuel-air mixture
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Power stroke
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spark plug ignites fuel-air mixture. Gas expands pushing piston down.
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Exhaust stroke
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piston moves up, exhaust valve opens and hot gases are pushed out of cylinder.
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