Chapter 9- Race

Front 1

Race

Back 1

a group of people who share a set of characteristics- typically, but not always physical ones- and are said to share a common bloodline

Front 2

Racism

Back 2

the belief that members of separate races possess different and unequal traits

Front 3

Scientific racism

Back 3

nineteenth-century theories of race that characterize a period of feverish investigation into the origins, explanations, and classifications of race

Front 4

Ethnocentricism

Back 4

the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own

Front 5

Ontological equality

Back 5

the philosophical and religious notion that all people are created equal

Front 6

One-drop rule

Back 6

the belief that "one drop" of black blood makes a person black, a concept that evolved from U.S laws forbidding miscegenation

Front 7

Miscegenation

Back 7

the technical term for interracial marriage; literally meaning "a mixing of kinds"; it is politically and historically charged-- sociologists generally prefer exogamy or outmarriage

Front 8

Racialization

Back 8

the formation of a new racial identity by drawing ideological boundaries of difference around a formerly unnoticed group of people

Front 9

Ethnicity

Back 9

One's ethnic quality or affiliation. It is voluntary, self-defined, nonhierarchal, fluid, and multiple, and based on cultural differences, not physical ones per se

Front 10

Symbolic ethnicity

Back 10

a nationality, not in the sense of carrying the rights and duties of citizenship but of identifying with a past or future nationality. For later generations of white ethnics, something not constraining but easily expressed, with no risks of stigma and all the pleasures of feelings like an individual

Front 11

Straight-line assimilation

Back 11

Robert Park's 1920's universal and linear model for how immigrants assimilate: they first arrive, then settle in, and achieve full assimilation in a newly homogenous country

Front 12

Primordialism

Back 12

Clifford Geertz's term to explain the strength of ethnic ties because they are fixed in deeply felt or primordial ties to one's homeland culture

Front 13

Pluralism

Back 13

the presence and engaged coexistence of numerous distinct groups in one society

Front 14

Segregation

Back 14

the legal or social practice of separating people on the basis of their race or ethnicity

Front 15

Genocide

Back 15

the mass killing of a group of people based on racial, ethnic, or religious traits

Front 16

Subaltern

Back 16

a subordinate, oppressed group of people

Front 17

Collective resistance

Back 17

an organized effort to change a power hierarchy on the part of a less-powerful group in a society

Front 18

Prejudice

Back 18

thoughts and feelings about an ethnic or racial group

Front 19

Discrimination

Back 19

harmful or negative acts (not mere thoughts) against people deemed inferior on the basis of their racial category, without regard to their individual merit

Front 20

Institutional racism

Back 20

institutions and social dynamics that may seem race-neutral but actually disadvantage minority groups