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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of energy does glucose store?
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Potential energy
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Where is the PE stored in glucose?
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chemical bonds
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Autotrophs?
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plants, algae, some prok
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What is the chemical rxn for photosynthesis?
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6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight ---> C6H12O6 + 602 + Energy
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Heterotrophs?
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humans, must ingest plants or animals to stay alive
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photosynthesis + cellular respiration =
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carbon cycle
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What is ATP and what is it made from?
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Energy, an ADP getting a phosphate added onto it (substrate-phosphoralation) it is an exergonic rxn
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What is ATP made up of?
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3 phosphates, a ribose (5-C-sugar) and adenine
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Where is the most PE stored in ATP?
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in the bonds btw the phosphates
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Phosphorylation?
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adding a phosphate group to a protein
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Where does the energy to form ATP come from?
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Electrons and Redox rxns
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Where do the electrons come from?
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H atoms in C-H bonds
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Where is the energy in an electron?
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orbital position
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Gain of an electron?
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reduction
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loss of an electron?
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oxidation
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What is it called when there is a reduction and oxidation?
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Redox rxn
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Most important electron acceptor?
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NAD+
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NADH?
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when NAD accepts 2 electrons and a proton from 2 H atoms
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Metabolism?
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all chemical rxns
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What step in CR does not require oxygen?
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Glycolysis
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What are the 3 phases in Glycolysis?
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1. energy investment 2. cleavage 3. energy harvesting
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How many ATP's must be put into glycolysis?
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2
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what happens in the cleavage stage?
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1 6-carbon sugar breaks down (divided) to 2 3-carbon sugars
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What comes out of glycolysis?
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2 ATP and 2 NADH and 2 pyruvates
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where does glycolysis take place?
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in the cytosol of a cell
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where does PP happen?
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matrix
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is pyruvate reduced of oxidized?
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oxidized
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what is pyruvate oxidized to?
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2-C- acetyl, CO2 and NADH
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the 2 carbon acetyl group combines with _ to form _
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coenzymes A, acetyl CoA
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