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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Choroid |
A blood rich nutritive layer in the posterior of the eye |
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Cillary body |
Smooth muscle attached to lens hu |
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Iris |
Regulates amount of light entering eye |
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Bb |
Vv |
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Iris |
Pigmented layer that gives eye color |
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Pupil |
Rounded opening in the iris |
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Retina contains two layers |
Outer pigmented layer Inner neural layer |
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Receptor cells |
Photoreceptors |
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Rods |
Night |
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Cones |
Color day |
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Signals pass from photoreceptors via a |
Two neuron chain |
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Rods |
Most are found towards the edges of the retina Allow dim light vision and peripheral vision All perception is in gray tones |
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There are how many types of cones |
3 |
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Color blindness is the result of |
The lack of one come type |
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Real images |
Reversed from the left to right Upside down Smaller than the object |
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Optic chiasma |
Location where optic nerves cross Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain |
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Optic tracts |
Contain fibers from the lateral side of the eye on the same side and the medial side of the opposite eye |
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Eye reflexes |
Internal muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system |
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Bright light causes |
Pupils to construct through action of radial circular and ciliary muscle |
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Emmetropia |
Eye focuses images correctly on the retina |
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Myopia (nearsighted) |
Distant objects appear blurry Light from those objects disks to reach the retina and are focused on the front of it Results from an eyeball that is too long |
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Hyperopia (farsighted) |
Near objects are blurry while distant objects are clear Distant objects are focused behind the retina Results from an eyeball that is too short or from a “lazy lens” |
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Astigmatism |
Images are blurry Results from light focusing as lines,not points, on the retina due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens |
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Night blindness |
Inhibited rod function that hinders the ability to see at night |
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Lens |
Biconvex crystal like structure Held in place by a suspensory ligament attached to the ciliary body |
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Color blindness |
Genetic conditions that result in the inability to see certain colors Due to lack of one type of cone (partial color blindness) |
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Cataracts |
When lens becomes hard and opaque. Vision becomes hazy and distorted |
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Cataracts |
Can cause blindness due to increasing pressure within the eye |
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Hemianopia |
Kiss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes results from damages to the visual cortex on one side only |
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Ear |
Hearing Equilibrium |
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Ear is divided into 3 section |
External ear Middle (tympanic cavity) Inner ear (bony labyrinth) |
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External ear |
Involved in hearing only |
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Structures or external ear |
Auricle (pinna) External acoustic meatus (auditory canal) |
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Bones |
Narrow chamber in the temporal bone Lines with skin and verminous glands Ends at the tympanic membrane |
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Middle ear (tympanic) |
Air filled cavity within the temporal bone Only involved in hearing |
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Cataracts result when |
The lens becomes hard and opaque with age |
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Bones of middle ear (ossicles) |
Malleus (hammer) Incus (anvil) Stapes (stirrup) |
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Movement of vibration to inner ear |
Malleus hits anvil, anvil hits stirrup, stirrup vibrates inner ear |
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Inner ear |
Included sense organs for hearing and balance |
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Parts of inner ear |
Cochlea Vestibule Semicircular canal |
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Parts of equilibrium |
Static equilibrium Dynamic equilibrium |
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Maculae |
Receptors in the vestibule Report on the position of the head Send information via the vestibular nerve |
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Inner ear |
A maze of bony chambers within the temporal bone |
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Effects of cataracts |
Vision becomes hazy and distorted Eventually causes blindness in affected eye |
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Two segments or chambers of the eye |
Anterior (aqueous) segment Posterior (vitreous) segment |
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Anterior (aqueous) segment |
Anterior to the lens Contains aqueous humor |
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Posterior (vitreous) segment |
Posterior to the lens Contains vitreous humor |
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Aqueous humor |
Watery fluid found between lens and cornea Similar to blood plasma Helps maintain intraocular pressure Provides nutrients for the lens and cornea |
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Vitreous humor |
Gel like substance posterior to the lens Prevents the eye from collapsing Helps maintain intraocular pressure |
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Ophthalmoscope |
Instrument used to illuminate the interior of the eyeball Can detect diabetes arteriosclerosis degeneration of the optic nerve and retina |
