Chapter 8, Psych

Front 1

Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA)

Back 1

The time between the onset of one stimulus and the onset of another

Front 2

Visual search

Back 2

looking for a target in a display with distracting elements

Front 3

Feature search

Back 3

search for a target defined by a single attribute such as a salient color or orientation
-doesn't matter how many distractions there are, will pop out
-can process some attributes in parallel

Front 4

Inefficient searches:

Back 4

1. serial self-terminating search
2. limited-capacity parallel processing

Front 5

Serial self-terminating search

Back 5

Search from item to item, ending whdn the target is found
-when target is absent, slope is twice as steep as when target is present

Front 6

Limited-capadicy parallel process

Back 6

Can process all the items in each display at once, but as the number of items increases, processing resources are spread thin

Front 7

Conjunction Search

Back 7

Search for a target defined by the presence of 2 or more attributes

Front 8

Feature integration theory

Back 8

1. Preattentive stage: parallel processors analyze basic features across the entire visual field all at once.
2. Attentive stage- item by item

Front 9

Binding problem

Back 9

The challenge of tying different attributes of visual stimuli, which are handled by different brain circuits, to appropriate objects so we perceive a unified object.

Front 10

Illusory conjuction

Back 10

-An erroneous combination of two feature

Front 11

Guided search theory

Back 11

-A model of visual search that holds that early (preattentive) visual processes can guide the subsequent deployment of attention

Front 12

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSPV)

Back 12

An experimental procedure in which a stream of stimuli appear at one location at a rapid rate

Front 13

Attentional blink

Back 13

Difficulty responding if there is a only a small interval between first and second target
- ability to visually attend is temporarilly knocked out

Front 14

Attention and singe cells

Back 14

1. response enhancement: a neuron responding to an attending stimulus might just give a bigger response
2. Sharper tuning: might cause neruons to respond more precisely
3. Might change preference of neurons

Front 15

Attention could enhance the processing of a specific type of stimulus...

Back 15

-fusiform face area: area in extrastriate cortex that responds to faces
-parahippocampal place area: regions of cortex in the temporal lobe of humans that appears to respond with particular strenght to images of places

Front 16

Neglect

Back 16

In visual attention, the inability to attend to or respond to stimuli in the contralesional visual field. Also, neglect of 1/2 of the body or objects.

Front 17

Extinction

Back 17

Inability to percieve a stimulus in the presence of another stimulus.

Front 18

Balint Syndrome

Back 18

- bilateral lesions
1. spatila localization abilities reduced
2. Don't move eyes very much
3. Behave as if they can see one object at a time (simultagnosia)

Front 19

Change blindness

Back 19

The failure to notice a change between 2 scenes. If the change does not alter the gust or meaning of the scene, quite large changes can pass unnoticed.

Front 20

Covert attentional shifts

Back 20

A shift of attention in teh absence of corresponding movements of the eyes

Front 21

Overt Attentional shift

Back 21

A shift of attention accompanied by corresponding movements of the eyes

Front 22

Spatial layout

Back 22

Overall structure of the scene (enclosed, open, rough, smooth) (global)