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123 Cards in this Set
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Internal Organs of the Female Reproductive System ovaries |
organs in which egg cells are formed. |
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ovum (pl. ova) |
female egg cell |
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graafian follicles |
microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. |
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uterine, or fallopian, tubes |
passageway for the ovum |
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fimbria (pl. fimbriae) |
finger-like projection at the free end of the uterine tube |
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uterus |
muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity |
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endometrium |
inner lining of the uterus |
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myometrium |
muscular middle layer of the uterus |
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perimetrium |
outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus |
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corpus, or body |
large central portion of the uterus |
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fundus |
rounded upper portion of the uterus |
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cervix (Cx) |
narrow lower portion of the uterus |
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vagina |
tubes that connects the uterus to the outside of the body |
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hymen |
fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina |
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rectouterine pouch |
pouch in the area between the uterus and the rectum (Douglas cul-de-sac) |
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Glands of the Female Reproductive System Bartholin glands |
mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina |
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mammary glands, or breasts |
milk-producing glands of the female; breast |
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mammary papilla |
breast nipple |
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areola |
pigmented area around the breast nipple |
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vulva, or external genitalia |
two lips that surround the vagina |
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clitoris |
highly erogenous erectile part of the female genitals |
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perineum |
pelvic floor in both the male and female. |
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Combining Forms arche/o |
first, beginning |
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cervic/o |
cervix |
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colp/o, vagin/o |
vagina |
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culd/o |
cul-de-sec |
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episi/o, vulv/o |
vulva |
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gynec/o, gyn/o |
woman |
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hymen/o |
hymen |
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hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i (Note: the combining vowel i or o may be used with metr/.) |
uterus |
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mamm/o, mast/o |
breast |
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men/o |
menstruation |
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oophor/o |
ovary |
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perine/o |
perineum |
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salping/o |
uterine tube (fallopian tube) |
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Prefix peri- |
surrounding (outer) |
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Suffixes -atresia |
absence of a normal body opening; occlusion; closure |
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-salpinx (Note: for learning purposes salpinx and atresia are presented as suffixes.) |
uterine tube (fallopian tube) |
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Disease and Disorder Terms amenorrhea |
absence of menstrual flow |
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Bartholin adenitis |
inflammation of a Bartholin glands; bartholinitis |
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cervicitis |
inflammation of the cervix |
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colpitis, vaginitis |
inflammation of the vagina |
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dysmenorrhea |
painful menstrual flow |
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endocervicitis
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inflammation of the inner (lining) of the cervix |
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endometritis |
inflammation of the inner (lining) of the uterus (endometrium) |
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hematosalpinx |
blood in the uterine tube |
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hydrosalpinx |
water in the uterine tube |
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hysteratresia |
closure of the uterus (uterine cavity) |
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mastitis |
inflammation of the breast |
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menometrorrhagia |
rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation (and between menstrual cycles; increased) |
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myometritis |
inflammation of the uterine muscle (myometrium) |
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oligomenorrhea |
scanty menstrual flow (less often) |
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oophoritis |
inflammation of the ovary |
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perimetritis |
inflammation surrounding the uterus; perimetrium |
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pyosalpinx |
pus in the uterine tube |
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salpingitis |
inflammation in the uterine tube |
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salpingocele |
hernia of the uterine tube |
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vulvovaginitis |
inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
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adenomyosis |
growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus |
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breast cancer |
malignant tumor of the breast |
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cervical cancer |
malignant tumor of the cervix |
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endometrial cancer |
malignant tumor of the inner lining of the uterus; uterine cancer |
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endometriosis |
endometrial tissue that grows outside of the uterus in the pelvic cavity |
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fibrocystic breast condition (FCC) |
benign cysts in one or both breasts; fibrocystic breast disease |
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fibroid tumor |
benign tumor of the uterine muscle; myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma) |
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ovarian cancer |
malignant tumor of the ovary |
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pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs |
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prolapse uterus |
downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina; hysteroptosis |
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toxic shock syndrome (TSS) |
severe illness usually affects menstruating women using tampons; caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. |
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vesicovaginal fistula |
abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina |
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Surgical Terms cervicectomy |
excision of the cervix |
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colpoperineorrhaphy (kol-pō-per-i-nē-OR-afē) |
suturing of the vagina and perineum |
performed to mend perineal vaginal tears |
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colpoplasty |
surgical repair of the vagina |
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colporrhaphy (kol-POR-a-fē) |
suturing of the vagina |
wall of the vagina |
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culdocentesis |
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from Douglas cul-de-sac |
rectouterine pouch |
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episioperineoplasty (e-piz-ē-ō-per-i-NĒ-o-plus-tē) |
surgical repair of the vulva and the perineum |
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episiorrhaphy |
suturing (of a tear) in the vulva |
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hymenectomy |
excision of the hymen |
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hymenotomy |
incision of the hymen |
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hysterectomy |
excision of the uterus |
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hysteropexy |
surgical fixation of the uterus |
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hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy |
excision of the uterus, uterine tube, and ovaries |
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mammoplasty |
surgical repair of the breast |
performed to enlarge or reduce breast size |
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mastectomy |
surgical removal of the breast |
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mastopexy |
surgical fixation of the breast |
performed to lift sagging breast tissue or to create symmetry |
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oophorectomy |
excision of an ovary |
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perineorrhaphy |
suturing (of a tear) in the perineum |
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salpingectomy |
excision of a uterine tube |
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saplingo-oophorectomy |
excision of a uterine tube and ovary |
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salpingostomy |
creation of an artificial opening in a uterine tube |
performed to restore patency |
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vulvectomy |
excision of the vulva |
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Types of Hysterectomies Total hysterectomy |
Excision of the uterus |
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Bilateral hysterosalpingo-oophoectomy |
Excision of the uterus, uterine tube, and ovaries |
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Radical hysterectomy |
Excision of the uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes, lymph nodes, upper portion of the vagina, and the surrounding tissues |
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Laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy |
Vaginal excision of the uterus with the use of the laparoscope to view the abdominopelvic cavity. |
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Radical mastectomy |
Removal of breast tissue, nipple, lymph nodes, and underlying chest wall muscle; Halsted mastectomy |
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Modified radical mastectomy |
Removal of breast tissue, nipple, and lymph nodes |
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Simple mastectomy |
Removal of breast tissue and nipple; total mastectomy |
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Subcutaneous mastectomy |
Removal of breast tissue only, preserving the underlying skin, nipple and areola; nipple-sparing mastectomy |
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Segmental mastectomy |
Removal of quadrant, or wedge, of breast tissue; quadrantectomy |
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Lumpectomy |
Removal of cancerous lesion along with a margin of surrounding healthy breast tissue; partial mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery |
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Diagnostic Terms hysterosalpingogram |
radiographic image of the uterus and the uterine tubes |
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mammogram |
radiographic image of the breast |
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mammography |
radiographic imaging of the breast; digital mammography |
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sonohyterography (SHG) |
process of recording the uterus by use of sound |
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ENDOSCOPY colposcope |
instrument used for visual examination of the vagina and cervix |
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colposcopy |
visual examination (with a magnifying view) of the vagina and cervix |
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culdoscope |
instrument used for visual examination of Douglas cut-de-sac (rectouterine pouch) |
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culdoscopy |
visual examination of Douglas culd-de-sac |
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hysteroscope |
instrument used for visual examination of the uterus (uterine cavity) |
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hysteroscopy |
visual examination of the uterus |
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transvaginal sonography (TVS) |
ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, uterine tubes, and surrounding structures
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LABORATORY CA-125 (cancer antigen-125 tumor marker) |
blood test used in the detection of ovarian cancer. Also used to monitor treatment and determine the extent of the disease. |
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Pap smear |
cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells; most commonly used to detect cancers of the cervix |
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Complementary Terms gynecologist |
physician who studies and treats disease of women |
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gynecology |
study of women |
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gynopathic |
pertaining to disease of women |
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leukorrhea |
white discharge |
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mastalgia |
pain in the breast |
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mastoptosis |
sagging breast |
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menarche |
beginning of menstruation |
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vaginal |
pertaining to the vagina |
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vuvlovagina |
pertaining to the vulva and vagina |
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