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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a fruit?
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a ripened ovary of a flower usually encasing seeds.
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Pericarp
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All three layers of a fruit: exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp.
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Exocarp
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the peel of a fruit
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Mesocarp
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Most of the flesh of the fruit
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Endocarp
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Innermost layer that surrounds the seed in a fruit
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Simple vs Compound fruits
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Single fruits derived from a single ovary.
Compound fruits develop from many individual ovaries. |
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Single fruits
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derived from a single ovary
(Tomatoes, peaches, and apples) |
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Compound fruits
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Develop from many individual ovaries.
(blackberries, strawberries, and raspberries) |
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Aggregate vs. Multiple fruits
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Aggregate: fruit derived from several ovaries of a single flower
Multiple fruit: fruit derived from a cluster of several ovaries from several flowers clustered together on one stem |
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Aggregate fruits
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Derived from several ovaries of a single flower
(blackberries, strawberries, and raspberries) |
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Multiple fruits
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derived from a cluster of several ovaries from several flowers clustered together on one stem
(Pineapple) |
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Fleshy vs. Dry fuits
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Fleshy: Fruit in which the cells of the pericarp are alive at maturity.
Dry: fruit in which most the pericarp is dried out |
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Fleshy fruits
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cells of the pericarp are alive at maturity.
(Tomatoes, peaches, and apples) |
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Dry fruits
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most the pericarp is dried out
(bean pods, sunflower "seeds", and corn) |
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Accessory
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Calyx or receptacle fused with ovary wall
(apples, strawberries) |
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Drupe
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Pericarp with fleshy mesocarp and stony or hard endocarp; usually single seed
(peach) |
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Pome
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Simple fleshy fruit derived from inferior ovary surrounded by a fleshy hypanthium
(Apple) |
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Legume
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Fruit of one carpel; splits along two seams; member of Fabaceae
(Beans) |
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Nut
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Hard exocarp and single seed; usually attached to extra tissues
(acorn) |
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Samara
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An achenelike fruit with a flat, winglike outgrowth
(Maple) |
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Rosaceae
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consist of most fruits.
(achenes, follicles, capsules, pomes, drupes, or druplets) |
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Solanaceae
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fruits that are used for food or used in seasoning food
(berry or capsule) |
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Seed dispersal mechanisms
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wind, water, or animal
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