Chapter 6 Anatomy Workbook

Front 1

As a cosmetologist, understanding the concept of human anatomy is primarily restricted to:

Back 1

muscles, nerves, cirulatory systems, and bones of head, face, neck, arm, lower legs and feet!

Front 2

the study of functions and activities performed by the body structures

Back 2

physiology

Front 3

the dense active protoplasm, found at the center of the cell

Back 3

nucleus

Front 4

the protoplasm of the cell that surounds the nucleus

Back 4

cytoplasm

Front 5

the study of the human body; the science of structure of organisms or of their parts

Back 5

anatomy

Front 6

the balloon to contain the protoplasm, allowing certain substances to pass though

Back 6

cell membrane

Front 7

the study of the many tiny structures found in living tissue; miscorscopic anatomy

Back 7

histology

Front 8

how many types of tissues are in the body?

Back 8

5

Front 9

what r the types of tissues in the body?

Back 9

connective, epithelial, liquid, nerve, muscular

Front 10

name the body systems

Back 10

circulatory, respiratory, reproductive, endocrine, excretory, nervous, digestive, integumentary, muscular, skeletal

Front 11

how many bones in the skeletal system?

Back 11

206

Front 12

name movable joints

Back 12

elbow, knee, hips

Front 13

name unmovable joints

Back 13

pelvis, skull

Front 14

how many parts is the skull divided, and what r they called?

Back 14

2 - cranium and facial skeleton

Front 15

how many bones n the cranium? name them

Back 15

8 - occipital, parietal, 2 temporal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

Front 16

how many bone in the facial skeleton? name the bones involved in facial massage

Back 16

14 - 2 nasal bones, 2 lacriminal bones, 2 zygomatic bones, 2 maxilla, mandible

Front 17

Forms the forehead

Back 17

frontal

Front 18

hindmost bones of the skull

Back 18

occipital

Front 19

form the sides of the head in the ear region

Back 19

temporal

Front 20

form the side and crown of the cranium

Back 20

parietal

Front 21

small, thin bones located at the front inner wall

Back 21

lacrimal

Front 22

lower jawbone, largest and strongest of the face

Back 22

mandible

Front 23

form the bridge of the nose

Back 23

nasal

Front 24

bones of the upper jaw

Back 24

maxillae

Front 25

form the prominence of the cheeks

Back 25

zygomatic

Front 26

u shaped bone at the base of the throat

Back 26

hyoid

Front 27

the chest; elastic, bony cage

Back 27

thorax

Front 28

should blades

Back 28

scapula

Front 29

collarbone

Back 29

clavicle

Front 30

12 pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax

Back 30

ribs

Front 31

7 bones of the top part of the vertebral column

Back 31

cervical vertebrae

Front 32

the technical name for breastbone

Back 32

sternum

Front 33

name the smaller bones in the forearm. name the larger bone in the forearm

Back 33

smaller - radius, larger - ulna

Front 34

how many bones in the wrist? whats its technical name?

Back 34

8, carpus

Front 35

The ______ are the bones of the palm, and the _______ are the bones in the fingers, also called _______.

Back 35

metacarpus, phlanges, digits

Front 36

accessory bone; forms the knee cap

Back 36

patella

Front 37

heavy, long bone; forms the leg above the news

Back 37

femur

Front 38

smaller of the 2 bones, forms the leg below the knee

Back 38

fibula

Front 39

ankle bone of the foot

Back 39

talus

Front 40

larger of the 2 bones, forms the leg below the knee

Back 40

tibia

Front 41

the foot is made up of how many bones? name the subdivided 3 categories and the number of bones in each

Back 41

7 tarsal, 5 metatarsals, 14 phlanges

Front 42

the study of the structure, function, and disease of the muscles is ________. the human body has over ______ muscles, which are responsible for approximately ____% of the body's weight.

Back 42

myology, 600, 40

Front 43

list the 3 types of muscular tissue

Back 43

striated muscles, non striated muscles, cardiac muscles

Front 44

_______ muscles, or _______ muscles are attached to the bones and are voluntary or controlled by will

Back 44

striated muscles, skeletal

Front 45

_______ muscles, or ______ muscles, are involuntary and function automatically, without conscious will

Back 45

non striated, smooth

Front 46

involuntary muscle of the heart

Back 46

cardiac

Front 47

list the 2 functions of the striated muscles

Back 47

assist in maintaining the body's posture, and protect internal organs

Front 48

where are non striated muscles found?

Back 48

digestive or respiratory systems

Front 49

list ways that muscular tissues can be stimulated

Back 49

massage, electrical current, light, dry heat, moist heat, nerve impulses, chemicals

Front 50

which muscles should the cosmetologist be concerned with?

Back 50

voluntary muscles that controls the movement of arms, legs, and feet

Front 51

the broad muscles that covers the top of the skull is the _______. it consists of 2 parts, the ________ and the ________.

Back 51

epicranius, the occipitalis and the frontalis?

Front 52

the muscle that draws the scalp backward is the

Back 52

occiptalis

Front 53

the _______ muscle of the scalp raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead

Back 53

frontalis

Front 54

what tendon connects the occipitalis and the frontalis?

Back 54

epicranual aponeurosis

Front 55

muscle behind the ear that draws the ear backward

Back 55

auricularis posterior

Front 56

muscle above the ear that draws the ear upward

Back 56

auricularis superior

Front 57

muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward

Back 57

auricularis anterior

Front 58

name the muscles that coordinate the opening and closing of the mouth. these are sometime referred to as the:

Back 58

masseter, temporalis chewing muscles

Front 59

the broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin is the

Back 59

platysma

Front 60

which muscle of the neck lowers and rotates the neck

Back 60

sternocleidomatoidis

Front 61

the muscle located beneath the frontalis that draws the eyebrow down is the

Back 61

corrugator

Front 62

the muscle that covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose is the

Back 62

procerus

Front 63

the muscle that forms the ring of the eye socket, closing the eye s the

Back 63

orbicularis oculi

Front 64

flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips

Back 64

buccinator

Front 65

muscle surrounding the lower lip - lowers the lip and draws to one side

Back 65

depressor labii inferioris

Front 66

raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward

Back 66

levator anguli oris

Front 67

elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils

Back 67

levator labii superioris

Front 68

elevates the lower lip and raises wrinkles

Back 68

mentalis

Front 69

flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses, contracts, puckers and wrinkles lips

Back 69

orbicularis oris

Front 70

muscle of the mouth that draws the corner of the mouth out and back as in grinning

Back 70

risorius

Front 71

muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth

Back 71

triangularis

Front 72

muscles from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth - elevate lips as in laughing

Back 72

zygomaticus

Front 73

controls should blades

Back 73

latissimus dorsi

Front 74

enables closing of eye

Back 74

orbicularius oculi

Front 75

assists in swinging the arms

Back 75

pectoralis

Front 76

rotates arms

Back 76

trapezius

Front 77

assists in breathing and raising arms

Back 77

serratus anterior

Front 78

lifts forearm and flexes albows

Back 78

biceps

Front 79

extends forearm

Back 79

triceps

Front 80

extends arm outward

Back 80

deltoid

Front 81

turn how inward so that palm faces downward

Back 81

pronators

Front 82

rotates the radius outward and upward

Back 82

supinator

Front 83

bends the foot up and extends the toes

Back 83

extensor digitorum longus

Front 84

covers the front on the shin, it bends the foot upward and inward

Back 84

tibialis anterior

Front 85

covers outer side of the calf and inverts the foot and turns it outward

Back 85

peroneus longus

Front 86

originates on the lower surface of the fibula bends the foot down and out

Back 86

peroneus brevis

Front 87

attached to the lower rear surface of the heel and pulls the foot down

Back 87

gastrocnemius

Front 88

originates at the upper portion of the fibula and bends the foot down

Back 88

soleus

Front 89

what r the 3 principal muscles of the shoulders and upper arms?

Back 89

bicep, deltoid, tricep

Front 90

the muscles of the feet r?

Back 90

extensor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, flexor digitorium brevis, abductor

Front 91

3 main subdivisions of the nervous system

Back 91

central, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous systems

Front 92

a system of nerves that connect the outer parts of the body to the central nervous system - carries impulses, or messages to and from the central nervous system

Back 92

peripheral nervous system

Front 93

consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial - control consciousness and many mental activities, voluntary functions of the 5 senses

Back 93

central nervous system

Front 94

part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles - regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels and heart

Back 94

autonomic nervous system

Front 95

the ________ is the largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body, is contained in the _________ and weighs a little less than ____ lbs on average

Back 95

brain, cranium, 3

Front 96

how many pairs of spinal nerves extend from the spinal cord?

Back 96

31 pairs

Front 97

the primary structural unit of the nervous system

Back 97

neuron

Front 98

neuron is composed of

Back 98

cell body and nucleus

Front 99

treeliek branchings of nerve fibers extending form the nerve cell that receives impulses from other neurons

Back 99

dendrites

Front 100

sends impulses away from t he cell body to the other neurons, glands, or muscles

Back 100

axon

Front 101

whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connectiv tissue, through with implulses are transmitted

Back 101

nerves

Front 102

where do nerves have their origins?

Back 102

the brain and spinal column

Front 103

nerves that carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain

Back 103

sensory nerves

Front 104

nerves which carry impulses from the brain to the muscles

Back 104

motor nerves

Front 105

the motor nerve of the face is the

Back 105

7th facial cranial nerve

Front 106

list the most important branches of the facial nerve

Back 106

posterior auricular nerve
temporal nerve
zygomatic nerve
buccal nerve
marginal mandibular nerve
cervical nerves

Front 107

the principle nerves supplying the superficial parts of the arm and hand are the

Back 107

digital nerve
radial nerve
ulna nerve

Front 108

the nerve that supplies impulses to the knee, the muscles of the calf, the skin of the leg, and sole, heel and underside of the toes

Back 108

tibial nerve

Front 109

nerve that extends from behind the knee to wind around the head of the fibula to the front of the leg

Back 109

deep peroneal nerve

Front 110

nerve that extends down the leg, supplies impulses to the muscles and skin of leg

Back 110

superficial peroneal nerve

Front 111

nerve that supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg

Back 111

sural

Front 112

other names for circulatory systems

Back 112

cardiovascular, vascular

Front 113

circulatory system consists of

Back 113

blood vascular & lymph vascular

Front 114

structures between the chambers taht allow the blood to flow in only one direction

Back 114

valves

Front 115

the upper, thin-walled chambers on the right and left

Back 115

atrium

Front 116

the lower, thick walled chambers on the right and left

Back 116

ventricle

Front 117

the circulatory system that sends the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified

Back 117

pulmonary circulation

Front 118

part of the circulatory system that carries the blood from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart

Back 118

systemic circulation

Front 119

there r approx ______ pints of blood in the human body, contributing to about _____ of the bodys weight. blood is approximately ______% water with a normal temp of ____F

Back 119

8-10
1/20th
80%
98.6

Front 120

the arteries that are locatede on either side of the neck and are the main sources of blood supply to the heard, face and neck are

Back 120

common carotid arteries

Front 121

supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose & internal ear

Back 121

internal carotid artery

Front 122

the artery that supplies blood tothe lower region fo the face, mouth and nose is the

Back 122

facial artery

Front 123

the artery that supplies blood to the upper lip and region of the nose is the

Back 123

superior labial artery

Front 124

the artery that supplies blood to the skin and masseter is the

Back 124

transverse facial artery