Chapter 6

Front 1

Probability

Back 1

For a situation in which several different outcomes are possible, the probability for any specific outcome is defined as a fraction or a proportion of all the possible outcomes. If the possible outcomes are identified as A,B,C,D, and so on, then :

probability of A =

number of outcomes classified as A / total number of possible outcomes.

Front 2

Random sample

Back 2

requires that each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Front 3

Independent random sample

Back 3

requires that each individual has an equal chance of being selected and that the probability of being selected stays constant from one selection to the next if more than one individual is selected.

Front 4

Sampling with replacement

Back 4

To keep the probabilities from changing from one selection to the next, it is necessary to return each individual to the population before you make the next selection. This process is called sampling with replacement.

Front 5

Unit normal table

Back 5

a list of z- scores.

Front 6

Binomial distribution

Back 6

Using the notation presented here, the binomial distribution shows the probability associated with each value of X from X=0 to X=n.

Front 7

Normal approximation

Back 7

provides an extremely accurate model for computing binomial probabilities in many situations.