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140 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In numerical order, the structure is indicated by numbers 1 & 8 in Figure 6 - 1 are the
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Superior vena cava and right pulmonary arteries.
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In numerical order, the structure is indicated by numbers 11 and 17 and figure 6 - 1 are the
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left pulmonary veins and the arch of the aorta.
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In numerical order, the structure is indicated by numbers 5 and 12 and figure 6 - one or the
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Right ventricle and left atrium.
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The structures indicated by numbers for an 15 and figure 6 - 1 are the
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tricuspid valve and the aortic valve.
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Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?
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Carrying oxygen to the tissue cells
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The heart is surrounded by the thin fluid - filled sacs called the:
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pericardium
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The middle layer of the heart is called the
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myocardium.
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How many chambers are in the human heart?
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4
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This heart chamber delivers oxygen-rich blood to the ascending aorta.
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Left ventricle
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This heart chamber receives blood from the systematic system.
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Right atrium
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The semilunar valves are located:
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at the exits of both of the ventricles.
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The right atrioventricle valve is also called the:
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tricuspid valve.
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This valve gets its name from its resemblance to a bishop's hat.
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Mitral valve
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The structure that separates the right and left ventricle of the heart is called the
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Interventricular septum.
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The heart muscle gets its blood supply from the
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Coronary arteries.
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These structures keep the atriovertical valves from flipping back into the atria.
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Chordae tendineae
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Myocardial ischemia is a condition that results from:
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partial obstruction of a coronary artery.
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The medical term for a heart attack is myocardial
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infarction.
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The heart's "pacemaker" is the
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sinoatrial node.
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This is an abbreviation for a test that traces the electrical impulses of the heart.
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ECG
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One complete contraction subsequent relaxation of the heart is called one cardiac
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cycle.
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Systolic is the:
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contracting phase of the heart.
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A cardiac cycle lasts approximately
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0.8 seconds
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On an electrocardiogram, atrial activity is represented by the
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P wave.
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On an electrocardiogram, which wave represents the activity of the ventricles?
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QRS and T
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The first sound of the heart beat is created by the
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closing of the atrioventricle valves.
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Abnormal heart sounds are called
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Murmurs.
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The average normal heart rate is
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72 beats per minute.
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An abnormally fast heart rate is called
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tachycardia.
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A person's pulse is created by a wave of pressure caused by:
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ventricular contraction.
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The force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels is called:
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blood pressure.
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The technical term for this device is sphygmomanometer.
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Blood pressure cuff
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Which of the following is a normal blood pressure reading?
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118/79 mm Hg
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Systolic pressure measures pressure in the arteries during:
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Ventricular contraction.
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An infection of the lining of the heart is called
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endocarditis.
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Which of the following are abbreviations for cardiac enzyme test?
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CK, LDH
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The pulmonary circulation takes blood to the
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Lungs and back to the heart.
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Which of the following veins is found in the leg?
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Femoral
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Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called
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Arteries.
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Which of the following veins carry oxygen- rich blood?
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Pulmonary
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Normal systemic arterial blood is
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Bright red.
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The longest artery in the body is the
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aorta.
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The longest vein in the body is the
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great saphenous.
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What keeps the blood moving through the venous system?
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Skeletal muscle movement and valves in the veins
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The smallest branches of veins are called
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venules.
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These are tiny blood vessels that are only one cell thick.
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capillaries
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The tunica adventitia is the
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External layer of a blood vessel.
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The internal space of a blood vessel is called the:
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lumen
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The layers of arteries differ from layers of veins in that the:
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Muscle layer is thicker in arteries.
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The structure on the right and figure 6 - 2 from the following choices.
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vein
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The right ventricle delivers blood to the
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Plumonary artery.
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Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?
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pulmonary vein
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Oxygen and nutrients diffuse through the walls of the
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Capillaries
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Which of the following blood vessels are listed in the proper direction of the blood flow?
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Arteries, arterioles, capillaries
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The antenatal (AC) fossa is located:
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Anterior and distal to the elbow.
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Which one of the following veins is found in or below the AC fossa?
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Median
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In numerical order, the veins identified by numbers 1, 6, & 7 is figure 6 - 3 A are the:
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cephalic, basilic, and median cubital.
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In numerical order, the veins identified by numbers 16, 18 and 19 and figure 6 -3 B are the:
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median cephalic, median, and median basilic.
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In numerical order, the veins identified by numbers 26, 27, and 28 in Figure 6-3 C are the:
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basilic, dorsal metacarpal, and cephalic
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The basilic vein is the last choice for venipuncture because it is
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located close to a major nerve.
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This major vein merges with the brachiocephalic vein in the chest.
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Subclavian
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Two median cutaneous nerves lie close to this vein.
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Basilic
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Which of the following veins are listed in the proper order of selection for venipuncture ?
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Median cubital, cephalic, basilic
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When the hand is prone, that antecubital portion of the cephalic vein is normally located in line with the
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Little finger.
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According to the Clinic and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), venipuncture should not be performed on leg, ankle, or foot veins unless:
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permission of the patient's physician has been obtained.
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The popliteal vein is found in the:
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leg.
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This is the medical term for a blood clot circulating in the bloodstream.
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Embolus
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The medical term for vein inflammation is
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phlebitis.
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Which of the following is an abbreviation used for a vascular system test?
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DIC
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Lipid accumulation on the intima of an artery is called
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atherosclerosis.
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which of the following is a localized dilation or bulging of an artery?
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Aneurysm
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Inflammation of a vein in conjunction with formation of a blood clot is called
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thrombophlebitis.
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Normal adult blood volume is approximately
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5 liters
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The normal composition of blood is approximately
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55% plasma, 45% formed elements.
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Normal plasma is a
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Clear or slightly hazy, pale - yellow fluid that is 90% water.
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Which of the following is an abnormal finding in the blood?
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Bacteria
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Which blood cell contains a nucleus?
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leukocyte
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A reticulocyte count identifies immature:
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Red blood cells.
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Which blood cell increases in allergic reactions and pinworm infestations?
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Eosinophil
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How large is a normal erythrocyte?
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7 to 8 microns
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Which of the following would be considered a normal erythrocyte count?
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4.5 million/mm3
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Red blood cells are produced in the
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Bone marrow.
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The primary function of red blood cells is to
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Transport oxygen to cells in the body.
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A leukocyte is a
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White blood cell.
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Which blood cell has the ability to pass through blood vessel walls?
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Leukocyte
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Which type of cell destroys pathogens by phagocytosis?
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Neutrophil
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Which of the following is a short term for neutrophils?
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Polys
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Which formed element is the first to play a role in filling an injury to a blood vessel?
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Platelet
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Which of the following is an a nuclear biconcave disc?
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Erythrocyte
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Which type of cell is sometimes called a macrophage?
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Monocyte
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Some of these cells give rise to plasma cells.
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Lymphocytes
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Which of the following would be considered a normal platelet count?
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300,000/ mm3
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Platelets are also called:
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thrombocytes.
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A platelet is actually a part of a bone marrow cell called a
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megakaryocyte
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Which of the following are normally the most numerous of the formed elements?
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Red blood cell
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A person's blood type is determined by the presence or absence of certain types of:
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antigens on the surfaces of the red blood cells.
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To prevent sterilization, RH immunoglobulin is given to:
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RH - negative mother's who deliver RH- positive babies.
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A woman who becomes "sensitized" to the Rh factor:
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can produce antibodies against the Rh antigen.
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A person who has A-negative blood has and red blood cells that:
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have the A antigen and lack of Rh antigen.
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Hemolytic disease of the newborn is most often caused by:
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previous sensitization of an Rh -negative mother.
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A whole-blood specimen consists of:
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plasma and the formed elements.
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The liquid portion of a clotted blood specimen is called
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serum.
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A whole blood specimen has an abnormally large buffy coat. This is an indication that the patient has:
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an elevated leukocyte or platelet count.
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Figure 6 - 4 shows a centrifuged whole - blood specimen. Identify the portion of the specimen indicated by arrow 1.
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Plasma
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Identify the portion of the specimen indicated by arrow 2 in Figure 6 - 4.
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Buffy coat
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How can you visually tell serum from plasma?
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You cannot visually tell them apart.
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On a blood smear made using Wright's stain, granules of eosinophils stain this color.
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Orange-red
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Most tests in this department are performed on plasma specimens.
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Coagulation
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It is preferable to perform most stat chemistry tests on plasma rather than serum because plasma:
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can be tested a lot sooner.
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This is the abbreviation for a test that is always performed on whole blood.
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CBC
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This is the abbreviation for a test that can be done on plasma.
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PTT
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Serum:
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Is collected in a nonanticoagulated tube.
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A person with thrombocytsis has abnormally:
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Increased platelets.
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A disease that is often characterized by an abnormally low red blood cell count is called:
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anemia.
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Which of the following is the abbreviation for a test of the formed elements?
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CBC
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An abnormal increase in white blood cells is called:
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leukocytosis
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Which of the following is a diagnostic test for blood cell disorders?
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Ferritin
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The coagulation process plays a role in:
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Hemostasis.
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The ability of platelets to stick to each other is called platelet:
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aggregation.
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This ion is essential to the coagulation process.
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Calcium
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The extrinsic or contact activation coagulation pathway is initiated by
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tissue factor released from injured tissue.
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The first response the hemolytic this is
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vasoconstriction.
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Platelet plug formation takes place in this phase of the coagulation process.
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Initiation
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This is the abbreviation for a test that assesses platelet plug formation.
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BT
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A disorder caused most often by lack of factor VIII is:
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hemophilia
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Coagulation problems may result from liver disease because the liver:
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Manufactures coagulation factors.
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Which of the following is an enzyme that plays a major role in coagulation?
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Thrombin
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The coagulation process is kept in check by
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Natural inhibitors.
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This test is used to monitor coumarin therapy.
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PT
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A needle puncture to a vein is normally healed by:
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Platelet plug formation.
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Obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus:
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results in an embolism.
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Which of the following is a coagulation test?
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Protime
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Lymph fluid is most like:
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Plasma.
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Lymph fluid originates from excess :
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Tissue fluid
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Lymph fluid keeps moving in the right direction because of
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valves within the lymph vessels.
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One function of the lymphatic system is to:
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Remove and destroy bacteria.
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Lymph nodes tissue has the ability to
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Remove impurities
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Lymphoid tissue is also found in the
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thymus.
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A malignant lymphoid tumor is called:
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lymphosarcoma.
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This test is associated with the lymph system.
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Mononucleosis
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