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101 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

the heart and all the blood vessels

The circulatory system includes

the heart rate

Cardiac drugs may affect

the rhythm of the heart

Cardiac drugs may affect

the amount of output of blood

Cardiac drugs may affect

Cardiac drugs may affect


the strength of contraction or


the intracellular energy production of the heart muscle

heart failure


myocardial infarction


arrhythmias

There are three main conditions for which the cardiac drugs are used:

The heart is not circulating blood at a satisfactory rate to meet the body's demands

Heart failure



Name two changes that may occur during heart failure.

Cyanosis or edema

ACE inhibitors

Drug of choice for CHF?

Expands blood vessels and decreases resistance by lowering levels of angiotensin II. Allows blood to flow more easily and makes the heart's work easier or more efficient. Reduces BP.

ACE inhibitor

Decrease the heart rate and cardiac output, which lowers blood pressure and makes the heart beat more slowly and with less force.

Beta Blockers

Beta Blockers

Drug for arrhythmia

Interrupt the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. May decrease the heart's pumping strength and relax blood vessels., resulting in a lowered BP

Calcium Channel Blockers


Drug for high blood pressure and angina

Calcium Channel Blocker


Increases the force of the heart's contractions, which can be beneficial in heart failure and for irregular heart beats.

Digitalis

Cause the body to rid itself of excess fluids and sodium through urination. Helps to relieve the heart's workload.

Diuretics

angiotensin II receptor blockers prevent this chemical from having any effects on the heart and blood vessels. This keeps blood pressure from rising.

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers



Furosemide (Lasix),

Name two diuretics

Candesartan, Eprosartan

Name 2 Angiotensin II Receptor drugs

Catapril, Enalapril (Vasotec)

Name two ACE inhibitors

increase the contractility of the myocardium

Inotropic drugs

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Inotropic Drug


contract the smooth muscle in blood vessels, which causes the vessels to constrict and raising BP

Vasoconstrictor drugs

relax the smooth muscle in blood vessels, which causes the vessels to dilate and lower the BP

Vasodilators

Pulmonary Hypertension

Diuretic

Dry, hacking cough

Common side effect of ACE inhibitors

Nitroglycerin

Vasodilator

suffix is -arin, -in

Anticoagulants

IV infusion route

Heparin

by slowing down the clotting process, these drugs treat or prevent a thromboembolic disorders

Anticoagulants (blood thinners)

Work in hypertensive patients by binding Beta 1 receptors which decreases rate , output and causes relaxation of blood vessels

Beta Blockers


cause the blood vessels to relax and increase in diameter and have a role in the treatment of heart conditions and hypertension.

Vasodilators

Hasten the process of blood clotting

Coagulants

blood clots are dissoved

Thrombolytic therapy

used for acute stroke to be given within 5 hours

Thrombolytic therapy

"thiazide", "zone"

Diuretics suffix is generally

"olol"

Beta blockers, suffix is generally

"pril"

ACE Inhibitors, suffix is generaly

"pine" "mil"

Calcium Channel Blocker, suffix is generaly

treatment of angina

Nitrates

block chest pain

NItrates

cause an increase in cardiac output by increasing the force of the heart contraction

Inotropic drugs

70mg/dL

LDL

160mg/dL

Total cholesterol

Nitroglycerin

angina is treated with

treats transient ischemic attacks

antiplatelet drug

subq injection rather than IV

advantage of low-molecular weight heparin is over traditional heparin is

a proton pump inhibitor(ranitidine)

antiplatelet should not be given with

platelet inhibitor

Aggrastat

they can be taken orally

advantage to coumarin anticoagulants

they take2-7 days to work

disadvantage to coumarin anticoagulants

Vitamin K (Phytonadione)

Antidote for coumarin

treatment of venous thrombosis

Heparin

propanolol

prevents myocardial infarction

prevents arrythmia

Corgard

Diuretic agents
Inotropic drugs
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor agents
Beta blockers

Classes of drugs that treat heart failure

Vasodilators


Beta Blockers

myocardial infarction

Inotropic, Diuretics, Beta Blockers

Drug classes used to treat CHF

Digoxin

Inotropic drug used to treat heart failure

Digibind

Antidote for digoxin

Heparin

anticoagulant given by IV

stroke, kidney damage, heart attack

HBP can cause

diabetics and asthmatics

Populations that should not take beta blockers

"thiazide", "zone"

Diuretics suffixes

pregnant women

ACE and ARAs should not be taken by

Prozosin, resulting decrease in BP is so great that the patient may faint

First dose syncope "zosin", Alpha Blocker,

nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers

Classes that treat angina

sublingual, transdermal patch

2 Forms of Nitroglycerin

Vitamin K or Protamine

Antidote for Heparin

Digibind

Antidote for Digoxin

conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

ACE inhibitors block

chronic, dry hacking cough

Coomon side effect of ACE inhibitors

should not be stopped abruptly

Beta Blockers

CHF, HBP

ACE treats

arrhthymia, MI, HBP

Beta Blockers treat

CHF, MI, and when ACE inhibitor cannot be tolerated

Angiotensin II Receptor used for

Hypertension

Aldosterone Inhibitor treats

Act directly on the kidneys for hypertension

Renin inhibitors

Increase BP

Vasoconstrictors

angina, hypertension

Vasodilators treat

dissolve major clots

Thrombolytic Therapy for MI

Disabling effects reversible if administered within 4.5 hours after acute stroke

Thrombolytic Therapy for MI

angina cardiomyopathy

Calcium Blockers

lower cholesterol

Antilipidemic Drugs

asthma and diabetes patients

Who should not take Beta Blockers?

Patients with hyperkalemia or reduced renal function

Who should not take Aldosterone Inhibitors?

Should not be stopped abruptly

Calcium Blockers

Pregnant and nursing women, women of childbearing age

Who should not take Antilipedimic Drugs?

chronic dry cough

Side effects of ACE inhibitors

Most frequent-hemorrhage

Thrombolytic Therapy complication

Warfarin

Coumadin antidote

Vitamin K

Heparin antidote

Digibind

Digoxin antidote

Do not take aspirin with anticoagulant

Antiplatelet Therapy

muscle aches and pains; liver damage

Side effects of antilipedemic drugs

do not take effect for 2-7 days

Coumarin

takes 12-18 hours for onset

Warfarin

Beta Blockers


Vasodilators


Thrombolytics

Drugs that treat MI

Anticoagulants


Beta Blockers


Calcium Blockers

Drugs that treat arrhythmia (ABC)

Beta Blockers


Diuretics


Vasodilators

Drugs that treat heart failure

skin rash, edema

Side effects of Angiotensin II Receptors