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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction |
Precipitate |
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a short, easy way to show a chemical reaction using symbols instead of words |
chemical equation |
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A one- or two-letter representation of an element |
chemical symbol |
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a combination of symbols that represents the elements in a compound |
chemical formula |
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a number in a chemical formula that the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound |
subscript |
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A substance that undergoes change in a chemical reaction |
reactants |
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A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
product |
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Mass is neither created nor destroyed |
Conservation of Mass |
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a number placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation |
Coefficient |
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A chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combined to form a new, more complex substance |
Synthesis reaction |
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A chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products |
Decomposition reaction |
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A chemical reaction where a single element replaces an element in a compound |
Single replacement reaction |
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A chemical reaction where an element from each of the two compounds switch places |
Double replacement reaction |
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A hydrocarbon(a compound containing only hydrogen and carbon) combines with oxygen. The products of this are always carbon dioxide and water |
Combustion reaction |
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A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat |
Exothermic reaction |
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A reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat |
Endothermic reaction |
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The minimum amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction started |
Activation energy |
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the amount of substance in a given volume |
Concentration |
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a material that increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy |
Catalyst |
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A biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy of reaction in cells |
Enzyme |
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a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction |
Inhibitor |
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A rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that results in fire
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Combustion |
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A material that releases energy when it burns |
Fuel |
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How can you tell a chemical reaction has occurred. What are five pieces of evidence?
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1.. Changing color of the substance 2. Formation of a precipitate 3. Production of gas 4. Production of a new substance 5. Production of an odor or change in temp |
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How are chemical bonds changed in reactions? |
Bonds are broken, formed, and rearranged |
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What does a chemical reaction always produce? |
a new substance |
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How does mass change during a chemical reaction |
it is neither created nor destroyed |
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What are the five ways to classify chemical equations? |
1. synthesis 2. decomposition 3. single replacement 4. double replacement 5. combustion |
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How is energy related to chemical equations? |
During chemical reactions, heat energy can be released like an exothermic reaction or taken in like an endothermic reaction. Also there's a certain amount of energy needed to activate a chemical reaction |
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What are the factors that affect the rates in which chemical reactions occur |
Concentration, surface area, temperature, catalyst, and inhibitors |
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What are the three things necessary to maintain a fire? |
oxygen, fuel, heat |
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How does water stop combustion |
It covers the fuel, cutting off its oxygen and evaporates using up the fires heat. Therefore stopping the combustion |
