Chapter 6

Front 1

What is gross primary production?

Back 1

The total complete rate at which primary producers undergo photosynthesis

Front 2

What causes variation among plant and animal species?

Back 2

Differences in soil type, elevation, and wind exposure.

Front 3

What is net primary production?

Back 3

The amount of organic matter (biomass) that remains after primary producers use some to carry out cellular reproduction. Warm wet biomes usually have higher NPP.

Front 4

Tropical Rain Forest

Back 4

Year round warm temperature. 2m precipitation a year. Soil nutrient-poor. Emergent layer, forest canopy, and understory support enourmus variety of plants. Plants have long flat leaves and shallow roots. Supports more animal species then any other biomes.

Front 5

Tropical Dry Forest

Back 5

Warm year round. Rainfall highly seasonal. Deciduous trees.Plants have waxy leaves, deep roots, and deep evstivation.

Front 6

Savanna

Back 6

Less Precipitation then tropical dry forests but more then deserts. Rainy season. Grass with groups of trees.Frequent fires and strong winds.Plants adapted to dry conditions, deep roots, thick bark, waxy coated leaves.Many animals migrate to find water, or burrow when water is scarce

Front 7

Desert

Back 7

Receives less then 25 cm of precipitation per year. Temperature very s widely. Plants have thick leathery leaves and store in water in their tissues, and have shallow roots. Animals get water from the food they eat, tend to be nocturnal. Mammals have exaggerated appendages to help regulate body temperature.

Front 8

Temperate Rain Forest

Back 8

Year round moderate temperature, heavy rainfall. Largest extent found in Pacific Northwest of the USA. Characterized by large everygreen trees, such as cedars and hemlocks, most conifers (seed Bearing cones. Forest floor is shaded, damp, covered in moss. Amphibians

Front 9

Temperate Forest (Temperate Deciduous Forest)

Back 9

Precipitation evenly spread throughout the year. Varied temperature (Hot summers, cold winters). Deciduous. Soil enriched with nutrients from annual leaf drop. Animals may migrate, hibernate, or store food to survive cold winters.

Front 10

Temperate Grassland or Prairie

Back 10

Moderate seasonal precipitation. Seasonal temperatures. Droughts and fires common. Not enough precipitation to support large trees, grasses, which grow from base, thrive despite droughts, fires, animals grazing. Animals adapt to deal with lack of cover. Soil rich in nutrients. Most grasslands have been made into farmland

Front 11

Chaparral

Back 11

Seasonal conditions. Mild, wet winters, warm dry summers. Hot, dry periods. Droughts and fires common. Plants drought resistant (thick waxy leaves with hairs that trap moisture, succulents common) Thick bark, deep roots, resistant to fire, some plants require germinate. Many animals burrow or are nocturnal (to avoid heat) Some plants contain oily compounds that help spread of fire.

Front 12

Boreal Forest Taiga

Back 12

Long cold winters, short cool summers. Nutrient poor, slightly acidic soils. Low specie diversity. Coniferous trees, waxy needles and conical shaped, adapted to harsh snowy conditions.Animals care for yound mostly in warm short season.

Front 13

Tundra

Back 13

Extremly cold, dark winters, short cool summers. High laditues in Northern Hemisphere. Harsh winds, nutrient poor soil, freezing temps that limit plant growth, no tall trees; mosses and lichens common. Permafrost. Birds migrate here during mild summers to eat. Only few species live here year round. Fragile biome. Food chains simple.