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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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passive transport
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transport of movement of substances across the cell membrane without any input of energy buy the cell. NO ENERGY NEEDED!
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(simple) diffusion
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movement of molecules from high- low concentration
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simpliest types of transport
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passive transport and simple diffusion
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molecules are at what kind of motion because of kinetic energy
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constant motion
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kinetic energy
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energy of motion used to do work
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why cell transport?
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to get nutrients in and to get waste out
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HEAT IS_______________.
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Kinetic energy
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the hotter something is,________________.
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the faster it moves
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selectively permeable
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if a substance can pass through a membrane, the membrane is PERMEABLE to it
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Diffusion
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movement of solute molecule's from high to low concentration
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Osmosis
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movement of H2O molecule's from high to low concentration
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equilibrium
*dynamic |
concentration of molecules is the same throughout a space
* doesnt just satay in one place it moves at both directions at the same speed |
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Solute
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substance that's dissolved
EX: perfume, salt, sugar, Kool-aid |
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SOLVEnt
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Substance that solute is disSOLVEd in
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what is the universal solvent?
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WATER!!!
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solid
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molecule that moves very little
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liquid
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molecule that moves freely and often
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gas
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molecule that is moving constant and fast
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cytolysis
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when a cell bursts
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hypertonic
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the concentration is higher on the inside than the outside of the cell
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hypotonic
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the concentration is lower on the inside than the outside of the cell
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contractile vacuoles
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when turgor pressure is lost, cells shrink away from cell walls
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turgor pressure
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plant cell walls resist water molecules exerted by water swelling the cell
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isotonic
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when concentration inside and outside of cell are equal
* water diffuses out of and into the cell at equal rates |
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facilitated diffusion
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movement of large molecules across the cell membrane by assistance of carrier proteins
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ion channels
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small passage ways across the membrane through which ions can diffuse using membrane proteins
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active transport
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when cells must move material up their concentration gradient, from an area of high -> low concentration
*requires energy & carreir proteins |
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sodium-potassium pump
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a carrier protein that helps Na+ and K+ ions move up their concentration gradient
* high concentration Na+ outside cell & low concentration K+ inside cell |
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endocytosis
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process in which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles, such as other cells
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pinocytosis
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involves transport of fluid
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phagocytosis
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involves transport of large molecules
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exocytosis
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reverse of endocytosis
* cells use this to release large molecules such as vesicles |
