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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Molecule
Collection of atoms bound together.
Diatomic
Two-atom
Attractive interactions...
Stabilize particles.
Covalent bond
Force of attraction resulting from valence electrons being shared between 2 nuclei.
When atoms come together to form molecules...
It is always the valence electrons that are involved.
Energy is always released when...
A covalent bond forms between two atoms.
Energy is always absorbed when...
A covalent bond is broken between two atoms.
Noble gases
Strongly resist covalent bonds because already have 8 valence electrons.
Bonding Pair
Electrons shared between 2 atoms.
Lone Pair
Electrons unshared between 2 atoms.
Multiple Bond
Share more than 1 pair of electrons between atoms.
Resonance Forms
Dot diagrams that differ from one another only in arrangement of electrons.
Metal Atoms
Give up valence electons to nonmetals, instead of sharing.
Ionic Bond
Atoms are oppositely charged.
Nonmetals
Tend to bond covalently.
Ionic Compound
Collection of ions held together by ionic bonds.
Molecular Compound
No individual molecules; H2O.
Electronegativity
Atom's ability to attract to itself shared electrons in covalent bonds.
Low electronegativity
Metal atoms
High electronegativity
Nonmetal atoms
Electronegativity (in Periodic Table)
Increases up a group; increases left to right.
Central atom
Least electronegative atom.
Delta
Partial negative charge (around more electronegative atom); Partial positive charge (around less electronegative atom).
Polar Covalent Bond
Electrons shared unequally in covalent bond.
Difference in Electronegativity
Increase leads to increase in polarity of bond.
Difference in Electronegativity = 1.7
50% ionic and 50% covalent.
Greater than 50%...
Metal bonded to nonmetal with percent ionic > 50 = ionic bond.