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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Molecule
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Collection of atoms bound together.
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Diatomic
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Two-atom
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Attractive interactions...
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Stabilize particles.
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Covalent bond
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Force of attraction resulting from valence electrons being shared between 2 nuclei.
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When atoms come together to form molecules...
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It is always the valence electrons that are involved.
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Energy is always released when...
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A covalent bond forms between two atoms.
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Energy is always absorbed when...
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A covalent bond is broken between two atoms.
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Noble gases
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Strongly resist covalent bonds because already have 8 valence electrons.
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Bonding Pair
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Electrons shared between 2 atoms.
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Lone Pair
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Electrons unshared between 2 atoms.
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Multiple Bond
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Share more than 1 pair of electrons between atoms.
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Resonance Forms
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Dot diagrams that differ from one another only in arrangement of electrons.
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Metal Atoms
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Give up valence electons to nonmetals, instead of sharing.
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Ionic Bond
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Atoms are oppositely charged.
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Nonmetals
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Tend to bond covalently.
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Ionic Compound
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Collection of ions held together by ionic bonds.
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Molecular Compound
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No individual molecules; H2O.
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Electronegativity
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Atom's ability to attract to itself shared electrons in covalent bonds.
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Low electronegativity
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Metal atoms
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High electronegativity
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Nonmetal atoms
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Electronegativity (in Periodic Table)
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Increases up a group; increases left to right.
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Central atom
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Least electronegative atom.
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Delta
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Partial negative charge (around more electronegative atom); Partial positive charge (around less electronegative atom).
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Polar Covalent Bond
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Electrons shared unequally in covalent bond.
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Difference in Electronegativity
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Increase leads to increase in polarity of bond.
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Difference in Electronegativity = 1.7
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50% ionic and 50% covalent.
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Greater than 50%...
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Metal bonded to nonmetal with percent ionic > 50 = ionic bond.
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