Chapter 49 Nervous System

Front 1

what transmits signal

Back 1

axon

Front 2

central nervous system includes....

Back 2

brain, spinal cord, CNS

Front 3

Peripheal nervous system includes.........

Back 3

nerves and ganglia,

Front 4

waht are the 3 stages of infomoration procsing

Back 4

sensory, integration (anayze and intreprt), and motor

Front 5

what is a highly branched extensions that receive signals

Back 5

dendrite

Front 6

what are axons usually enclosed in

Back 6

mylen sheath

Front 7

what are organized bundles of withre neurons , axons, or dendrites

Back 7

nerves

Front 8

what is the point of communication between the synaptic terminal and another cell

Back 8

synapse

Front 9

what synaptic cell recieves and which one sens

Back 9

postsynaptic and presynaptic

Front 10

what type of gilia provide structural support to the CNS , facilate information transfer, aid in the development of tight junctions

Back 10

astrocytes

Front 11

what gilia form mylein sheath arouns axons in the CNS , wrap in many layers of memebranes, electrical insulation

Back 11

oligodemodrocytes

Front 12

what glia form the myelin sheath aourn axons in the PNS

Back 12

Schwann cells

Front 13

what glia form tracks in embryonic tissue, neurons migrate down them, can act as stem cells: generating neurons with other glia.

Back 13

radial

Front 14

what maintains the resting potential in neurons?

Back 14

Na+ and K+ channels, na+ is higher outside, K+ higher inside

Front 15

what is the current causes in tra cellualar vessicles to fus with the plasma membrane

Back 15

chemical synase

Front 16

what are the current flows from one cell to another

Back 16

electrical synapse

Front 17

what relay, amplify, and odulate electircal signals

Back 17

neurotransmitters

Front 18

give example of excitory neurotransmitter

Back 18

glutamic acid involved in learning and memory

Front 19

give an example of a inihibitory neurotransmitter

Back 19

GABA- inhibits motor neurons

Front 20

what is the CNs dervived from

Back 20

dorsal hollow embryonic nere cord

Front 21

what is mostly on the surface of the brain , includes dendrites umyelinated axons and cell bodies

Back 21

gray matter

Front 22

what part of the brain has myleinated axons organized in bundles or tracts

Back 22

white matter

Front 23

controls smooth and cardiac muscles, digestive system etc. Voluntary.

Back 23

autonomic

Front 24

responds to external stimuli, carries signal to and from skeletal muscles

Back 24

somatic

Front 25

what is sleep arousal contolled by

Back 25

brainstem and cerebrum

Front 26

what part of the brain relays sensory info to toher high brain centers

Back 26

midbrain

Front 27

what part of the brain controls automatic functions, ex breathing, heart activity. what aids it?

Back 27

medulla oblongata, pins

Front 28

what ist he reticular activating system do

Back 28

5. Regulates sleep and arousal: a sensory filter. Selects what information will be passed on

Front 29

what is the cerebellum important for

Back 29

coordinatin and error checking in. Motor functiions, perceptual functions, and cognitive functions

Front 30

what is the region of the brain that differenaites into 3 other regions

Back 30

diencephalon

Front 31

what part of brain produces CSF

Back 31

epithalumus

Front 32

what part sort input informatin beinf sent to the cerebrum

Back 32

thalmaus

Front 33

what part does homeostatic regualtion (location of thermostat, sexual behavior)

Back 33

hypothalamus

Front 34

what is the outer gray matter in the cerebrum

Back 34

cerebral cortex

Front 35

what is the largest most complx par t of the rain. thinking perception and language

Back 35

cerebral cortex

Front 36

wht is the inner white matter in the cerebrum

Back 36

myelianted axons, the tissue thourgh which messages pass to get to variuos areas of grey matter

Front 37

what is the thick band in the cerebral cortex tht allows 2 sides to communicate

Back 37

corpus collosum

Front 38

what is the out moost part of the cerebral cortex called. it is not seen in treptiles and is highly convulted to primates, whales, doplohins

Back 38

neocortex

Front 39

patient has psychotic episodes which they cant distinguish reality, hallucinations, and delusions. Leads to unemployment, homelessness, and poverty. Cause is unknown.

Back 39

Schizophrenia

Front 40

2 major forms Bipolar disorder: manic depressive disorder. Major Depression: have a low mood most of the time. Both forms have a genetic and environmental component.

Back 40

depression

Front 41

a progressive motor disorder characterized by: slow movements, rigidity, difficulty initiating movement, masked facial expression, muscle tremors. Risk increases with advancing age. Death of specific neurons in the midbrain, cause is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Back 41

parkinsons

Front 42

unknown cause. Mental deterioration or dementia characterized by memory loss and confusion. One of several forms of dementia, hard to diagnose while person is living. Neurons die in large areas of the brain, shrinkage of brain tissue, neurofibrillary tangles: intracellular bundles of normally straight protein tracks within neurons and glia cells, tangles occurs because of build up of a protein called Tau.

Back 42

alzheimers