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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four clinically important descending or ascending tracts? |
1) Dorsal column-medial lemniscus: discriminative touch, vibration, and joint posistion; cross in medulla 2) Lateral spinothalamic tract: pain, temperature, and crude touch; cross immediately 3) Spinocerebellar tract: position of the body in space; ipsilateral 4) Corticospinal tract: lateral columns |
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What organizational feature aids diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain? |
Somatotopic organization |
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Which fibers are somatotopically organized? |
CST, posterior columns, and STT |
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What happens with transverse spinal lesion? |
Function is lost below the level |
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Which (motor or sensory) are better for determining site of spinal cord lesion? |
Sensory abnormalities |
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What is the difference between intra-axial vs extra-axial spinal lesions? |
Intra-axial: within the spinal cord Extra-axial: pain more common |
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What disease are evoked potentials beneficial for diagnosis? |
MS |
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Describe transverse myelitis. |
Complete transection Inflammatory condition Loss of all sensation and all voluntary movement below the lesion |
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Describe partial transection. |
Some ascending or descending tracts may be spared |
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What is Brown-Sequard Syndrome? |
Hemisection 1) Ipsilateral lesion in CST (weakness) 2) Ipsilateral lesion in poosterior columns (loss of position sense and vibratory sensation) 3) Contralateral loss of pain and temperature perception 4) Loss of autonomic function results in Horner's syndrome-constricted pupil and lid-drop- ipsilateral |
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What are the two most common nontraumatic disorders of the spinal cord? |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Multiple sclerosis |
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Describe multiple sclerosis. |
Upper motor neuron signs and proprioceptive sensory loss present Many small lesions throughout spinal cord |
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Describe syringomyelia. |
Formation of cysts within the spinal cord Unknown cause Affects central portion first First fibers affected are pain and temperature |
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Describe subacute combined degeneration. |
Affects CST and posterior columns Result of B12 deficiency Gait disorder due to sensory loss (sensory ataxia) |
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Describe Friedreich's ataxia. |
Genetic condition where spinal cord lesions are similar to combined system disease SCT affected Difficulty walking |
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What are three possible diseases of the spinal cord? |
Traumatic Inherited Acquired Can be segmental or longitudinal |
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Describe gaze palsies. |
Lesion in the right frontal lobe cannot move eyes conjugately to the left (tend to drift right) |
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What two questions must be asked with disorders of the brainstem? |
1) Is the lesion medial or lateral? Look at tracts affected 2) What is the level of the lesion? Look at which cranial nerves are affected |
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What lesion can cause coma and locked-in syndrome? |
Bilateral lesions of the ventral pons |
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What are segmental lesions most commonly from? |
Trauma or tumors |
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What are longitudinal disorders? |
Those that involve particular ascending or descending tracts |
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What are longitudinal disorders most often caused by? |
Hereditable or metabolic |
