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40 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
Cholesterol compounds in the skin are converted to |
VITAMIN D |
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Layers of the skin |
Epidermis Dermis or corium Subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia
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Epidermis |
Epidermis - comprised of stratified squamous epithelium Avascular. 1. Stratum corneum which is dead contains keratin 2. Stratum germinativum is only living part of the skin |
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The layer of the epidermis that undergoes cell division and reproduce itself. |
Stratum germinativum |
Think germinate means to grow. Stratum germinativum is the layer of the epidermis that rejuvenate itself. |
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Known as the true skin this layer of skin is vascular: contains blood vessels and nerves, glands and hair follicles |
Dermis |
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Without this the epidermal layer would be unable to survive. |
Dermal papillae |
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This layer connects the skin to the muscle surface |
Subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia |
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Dermatitis venenata- poison ivy poison oak
Exfoliative Dermatitis- certain metals like arsenic and mercury or by antibiotics, gold, iodine codeine, aspirin.
Dermatitis medicamentosa- penicillin, codeine, cephalosporins |
Types of dermatitis |
Nursing Intervention for dermatitis venenata only cool open wet dressings |
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Ceruminous gland
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Located in the external ear canal. They secrete a wax like substance called cerumen. |
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Sebaceous glands secretes (blank) Through the (blank) |
Sebum Hair follicles |
It inhibits bacteria growth |
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This inflammatory skin diease 's Drug therapy include antisteroidal anti inflammatory drugs like acetylsalicyclic acid and ibuprofen (motrin) antimalarial, corticosteroids |
Systemic lupus erythematosus |
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Contact dermatitis clinical manifestations |
Characteristic ; burning, pain, pruritus, edema.
Elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and eosiniphilia . Both test are thought to be related to abnormalities of T cell functions. |
Medical management topical applications of a corticosteroids and the oral administration of antihistamine such as benadryl. If the patient has a history of asthma he might have an acute asthma attack hydroxyzine (atarax) provide preventive treatment of asthma. |
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Urticaria |
Location Characteristic wheels or gives caused by drugs, food insect bites inhalants emotional stress or exposure to hear and cold Nursing Intervention |
Respiratory involvement may occur |
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Herpes Simplex 1 |
Location : mouth Characteristic: cold sore or fever blisters associating with febrile conditions. Clinical manifestation: vesicle at the corner of the mouth, in the lips, or on the nose. Area is erthematous and edematous. The vesicle appear , ulcerates and entrust . Vesicle rupture, produce a burning pain. Malaise and fatigue . Illness onset: occur after an acute illness or infection. Diagnostic exams |
Nursing Intervention : focus on treating symptoms and preventing spread of the diease. Lesions should be kept clean & dry. Loose, absorbent underclothing is usually more comfortable than tight- fitting clothing. Sits bath decrease lesion and enhance urinary and bowel elimination. Warm compresses to relieve pain and severe pruritus. |
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Rosacea |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Diagnostic tests |
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Impetigo |
Type of infection: mixed bacterial, a. Aureus , steptococci Location; the face, hands, arms and legs. Characteristic honey colored crust and easily removed. Under the educate is dried smooth, red skin. It starts as petulant vesicles that rapture and form a crust. (Dried exudate) |
Nursing Intervention disrupting the course of the disease and preventing the spread of infection. Antibiotics are used to arrest the process. Systemic penicillin is the most common antibiotic cefTRIAXone sodium (rocephin) also cephalosporins. Wash the lesion with an antibiotic agent. Sterile techniqueDiagnostic tests |
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Herpes Simplex 2 |
Location: genital heroes. The cervix for women the penis for men. Characteristic : flu like symptoms occur 3 to 4 days after the vesicle erupt.. headache, fatigue myalgia, fever, anorexia. Severe outbreaks might lead to difficulty voiding.
Diagnostic tests laboratory assessment of cultures from the lesion. Inspection and health history support diagnosis
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Patient should be assessed for H.I.V. Drug therapy: acyclovir (zovirax) Valtrex for frequent outbreaks Immunosuppressed p.t are not candidate for suppressive therapies. Tylenol may be five for discomfort Local anesthetic lidocaine or systemic analgesic such as codeine and aspirin. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen. May be used to manage inflammation. |
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Herpes Zoster known as shingles |
Location ; the rash occur generally occur the thoracic region (but may also affect region like lumbar, cervical and cranial) Characteristic : the vesicles form along the peripheral nerve fibers of the spinal ganglia. the vesicle rupture and form a crust. The serous fluid might become purulent. Last 7- 28 days. Pain is burning and knifelike. Extreme tenderness and pruritus Nursing Intervention Diagnostic tests |
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Nursing Intervention of herpes zoster |
Nursing Intervention education about disease and plan of treatment, relieving pain and priorities and preventing secondary complications Diagnostic tests Drug therapy tranquilizers Ativan lozapam and hydroxyzine hcl (atarax) Medicated bath Warm compresses Aseptic technique |
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Pityriasis roscea |
Type ofninfection: viral Location chest abdomen, groin, armpits characteristic: Herald patch, a scaly 1 to 3 inches in diameter, raised borders and a pink center that resemble a ringworm, 7 to 14 the first eruption, smaller matching spots become widespread . The rash consist of pink, oval- shaped spots that are 1/4 to 1/2 inch across Nursing Intervention analgesic & oatmeal bath, antihistamine topical steroid for the pruritus
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Drug therapy : no meds, just 1% hydrocortisone cream for pruritus, ultraviolet light, sunbathing for 30 mins. |
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Pressure Ulcers Stage 1
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Characteristic Intact with nonblanchable redness. Skin is painful, firm, soft, warm or cool compared to adjacent tissue may be noted Nursing Intervention Ongoing assessment and evaluation of improvement Assessment data include size and depth of the ulcer, the amount and color of any exudate, the presence of pain or odor , and the color of the exposed tissue. |
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Pressure Ulcers Stage 3 |
Characteristic A stage 3 involves full thickness tissue loss in which subcutaneous fat is sometime visible but bone, tendon and muscle are NOT exposed. Undermining and tunneling are sometimes present. Nursing Intervention |
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Pressure Ulcer Stage 4 |
Nursing Intervention Characteristic full thickness tissue loss WITH exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. Sometimes slough or eschar is present in the wound bed. Includes undermining and tunneling. Complications: osteomyelitis |
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Angiodema |
Type of infection Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Psoriasis |
Type of infection Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Scabies |
Type of infection Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Pediculosis |
Type of infection Characteristic Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Alopecia |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management |
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Tumors of the skin:keloid |
Characteristic Location Medical management Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Paroyncha |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management Drug therapy |
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Tumors of the skin: Nevi |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management |
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Tumor of the appendages verruca |
Location Characteristic Medical management Nursing Intervention Drug therapy |
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Basal cell carcinoma |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management Drug therapy |
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Squamous cell carcinoma |
Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management Drug therapy |
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Systemic lupus erythematosus |
Type of infection Location Characteristic Nursing Intervention Medical management Drug therapy |
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Pressure Ulcer 2 |
Characteristic partial thickness loss of dermis. It appears as a shallow open ulcer, usually shiny or dry, with a red- pink wound bed without slough or bruising. Some stage 2 ulcer manifest as intact or open (raptured) serum filled blisters. Nursing Intervention |
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Unstageable ulcer |
Characteristic: full thickness tissue loss, a wound base covers by slough (yellow, tan, gray, green, or brown) and/or eschar in the wound bed. |
Stable eschar on the heels provide a natural biologic cover: do not remove it |
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Can herpes simplex 2 genital herpes be transmitted by viral shedding even during period of remission? |
Hell yes and Frank discussion concerning safe sexual practices. |
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Cellulitis |
Location underlying tissues of the skin. Characteristic not contagious but can spread by direct contact with an open area.
Causes: group a steptococcis and staphlococcus aureus: Haemophilus influenza type b is more common in children. Venous insuffiency, dm, lymphedema, surgery, compromised immune function hiv
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Nursing Intervention preventing the spread of the illness Administer antibiotic, administer analgesic , change dressing. Monitor pt nutrition and hydration. Warm moist dressing . Antibiotics therapy monitor for signs and symptoms of secondary infection like yeast infestations Drug therapy |
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Dermatophytoses fungal infection, superficial infections of the skin. |
Tinea capitis- ringworm of the scalp. Major pathogen microsporum audouninii
Tinea corporis- ringworm of the body. Occurs on the body with little to no hair
Tina cruris- jock itch
Tina pedis- athelete foot burows solution |
Tinea capitis hair turns blue- green under wood lamp
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