Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Puritans:
|
A religious group that wanted to purify the Church of England from the inside
|
|
|
General Court:
|
elected representatives in an assembly
|
|
|
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
|
A plan of government settlers of Connecticut wrote
|
|
|
Religious Tolerance
|
the willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
|
|
|
Sabbath
|
a holy day of rest
|
|
|
Town meeting
|
where settlers discussed and voted on issues
|
|
|
Charles I
|
King of England in 1625, he disapproved of the Puritans and their ideas
|
|
|
Massachusetts Bay Colony
|
the colony started by the Puritans in 1630
|
|
|
John Winthrop:
|
chosen to be the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
|
|
|
Great Migration:
|
between 1629 and 1640 about 15,000 settlers went to the Massachusetts Bay Colony
|
|
|
Boston:
|
the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s largest town
|
|
|
Thomas Hooker:
|
founder of Connecticut, a Puritan minister that believed the governor had too much power
|
|
|
Hartford:
|
the first town of the colony of Connecticut built by Thomas Hooker and 100 settlers
|
|
|
Roger Williams:
|
a minister that thought the Puritan leaders shouldn’t have the right to force people to attend religious services
|
|
|
Anne Hutchinson:
|
questioned some of the Puritans minister’s teachings and was forced to flea to Rhode Island
|
|
|
Metacom:
|
chief of the Wampanoag Indians he didn’t like the Europeans taking over his land so he fought back
|
|
|
King Phillip:
|
Metacom, chief of the Wampanoag Indians
|
|
|
The common:
|
an open field where cattle grazed in the Puritan settlements
|
|
|
Meetinghouse:
|
where Puritans worshiped and held town meetings
|
|
|
Patroon:
|
owners of huge estate in New Netherland
|
|
|
Proprietary colony:
|
an English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exchange for a yearly payment
|
|
|
Royal colony:
|
a colony under direct control of the English government
|
|
|
Quakers:
|
Protestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people
|
|
|
Pennsylvania Dutch:
|
the German-speaking Protestants who settled in Pennsylvania
|
|
|
Cash crop:
|
a crop sold for money at market
|
|
|
William Penn:
|
a Quaker that founded Pennsylvania
|
|
|
Peter Stuyvesant:
|
the governor of New Amsterdam in 1664 when the English took over
|
|
|
The Duke of York:
|
King Charles II brother that was given the land that was New Netherland
|
|
|
The “holy experiment”:
|
William called the colony of Pennsylvania a holy experiment because he wanted it to be a model of religious freedom, peace, and Christian living
|
|
|
Philadelphia:
|
the capital city of Pennsylvania along the Delaware River
|
|
|
The Great Wagon Road:
|
an old Iroquois trail that settlers followed in the backcountry
|
|
|
Mason-Dixon line:
|
a boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland, also a line between the Middle Colonies and the Southern Colonies
|
|
|
Act of Toleration:
|
the law that provided religious freedom for all Christians
|
|
|
Bacon’s Rebellion:
|
The uprising when colonists burned Native American villages and Jamestown because the government refused to take action against the Native Americans
|
|
|
Indigo:
|
a plant used to make a valuable blue dye
|
|
|
Debtor:
|
people who owed money they couldn’t pay back
|
|
|
Slave code:
|
laws that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights
|
|
|
Racism:
|
the belief that one race is superior to another
|
|
|
Sir George Calvert:
|
persuaded King Charles I to grant him land in the Americas and planned to set up a settlement where Catholics could practice their religion freely, but died before it was started
|
|
|
Lord Baltimore:
|
Son of Sir George Calvert and took his father’s place by starting the colony of Maryland and became the proprietor
|
|
|
Chesapeake Bay:
|
a bay in Maryland where the settlers from Maryland settled
|
|
|
St. Mary’s:
|
the first town in Maryland
|
|
|
Margaret and Mary Brent:
|
arrived in Maryland with 9 male servants to settle and Margaret later helped prevent a rebellion among the governor’s soldiers
|
|
|
Nathaniel Bacon:
|
a young planter that organized angry men and women on the frontier and raided native American villages and burned Jamestown because the government refused to take action against the Native Americans when war broke out
|
|
|
Charles Town:
|
the largest settlement in the Carolinas
|
|
|
James Oglethorpe:
|
a respected English soldier that founded Georgia in 1732
|
|
|
Savannah:
|
Georgia’s first settlement above the Savannah River
|
|
|
The Tidewater:
|
the land early planters of the Southern Colonies settled along rivers and creeks that were washed by the ocean’s tides
|
|
|
The Backcountry:
|
at the base of the Appalachian Mountains where people were largely sufficient
|
|
|
The Middle Passage:
|
the passage of slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean
|
|
|
Mercantilism:
|
a nation became strong by keeping strict control over its trade with its colonies
|
|
|
Export:
|
goods sent to markets outside a country
|
|
|
Import:
|
goods brought into a country
|
|
|
Navigation Acts:
|
laws that regulated trade between England and its colonies
|
|
|
Yankee:
|
a nickname that implied they were clever and hard working given to New England merchants
|
|
|
Triangular trade:
|
the trade routes developed by colonial merchants between New England, England, West Africa, and the West Indies
|
|
|
Legislature:
|
a group of people who have the power to make laws
|
|
|
Glorious Revolution:
|
When the Parliament removed King James II from the throne and William and Mary of the Netherlands to rule
|
|
|
Bill of rights:
|
a written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
|
|
|
English Bill of Rights:
|
protected the rights of individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by jury
|
|
|
Gentry:
|
At the top of the colony’s society, they were wealthy planter, merchants, ministers, successful lawyers, and royal officials.
|
|
|
Middle class:
|
second in the colony’s society, they were farmers who worked on their own land, skilled crafts workers, and some trades people
|
|
|
Indentured servant:
|
signed contracts to work without wages for a period of 4-7 years for anyone who would pay for their ocean passage to the Americans
|
|
|
Gullah:
|
African Americans who spoke a distinctive combination of English and West African languages
|
|
|
Great Awakening:
|
A religious movement that swept the colonies
|
|
|
Public school:
|
schools supported by taxes
|
|
|
Tudor:
|
private teachers
|
|
|
Apprentice:
|
worked for a master to learn a trade of craft
|
|
|
Dame school:
|
private schools run by women in their homes that girls attended
|
|
|
Enlightenment:
|
A movement in Europe in the 1600sand 1700s that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method
|
|
|
Libel:
|
the act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person’s reputation
|
|
|
Negro Election Day:
|
A day when enslaved and free Africans elected a leader for their community
|
|
|
Jonathan Edwards:
|
A New England preacher who helped set of the Great Awakening
|
|
|
George Whitefield:
|
An English minister who arrived in the colonies in 1739 and made the Great Awakening spread
|
|
|
John Locke:
|
An English philosopher who wrote works that were widely read in the English Colonies
|
|
|
Benjamin Franklin:
|
A scientists and inventor that invented the bifocals, and the odometer, he experimented with electricity, he was part of the Enlightenment, he had printing business and printed Poor Richards Almanack
|
|
|
Poor Richards Almanack:
|
A publication by Benjamin Franklin that had useful quotes
|
