Chapter 4 Flashcards

Front 1

What is another term for dorsal?

Back 1

posterior

Front 2

What is another term for ventral?

Back 2

Anterior

Front 3

Name the 2 dorsal cavities

Back 3

cranial and spinal

Front 4

name the ventral cavities

Back 4

thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

Front 5

what is the (median) plane of the body?

Back 5

Midsagittal

Front 6

What is the (frontal) plane of the body?

Back 6

Coronal

Front 7

What's the (horizontal) plane of the body?

Back 7

Transverse

Front 8

RUQ?

Back 8

right upper quadrant

Front 9

LUQ?

Back 9

left upper quadrant

Front 10

RLQ?

Back 10

right lower quadrant

Front 11

LLQ?

Back 11

Left lower quadrant

Front 12

cell-

Back 12

cyt/o

Front 13

nucleus-

Back 13

nucle/o, kary/o

Front 14

tissue-

Back 14

hist/o

Front 15

what are the levels of organization from least to most complex?

Back 15

cell, tissue, organ, system, organism

Front 16

Define cell

Back 16

The smallest structural and functional unit of life

Front 17

Cells share 3 main parts, what are they?

Back 17

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Front 18

define cytology?

Back 18

study of the body at a cellular level

Front 19

The cell membrane (Big Brother) does what?

Back 19

acts as a barrier and protects the intracellular contents

Front 20

What is contained within the cell membrane?

Back 20

Cytoplasm (jellylike matrix)

Front 21

What is contained within the cytoplasm?

Back 21

Organelles (performs specific functions, like reproduction and movement

Front 22

What is the largest cell organelle?

Back 22

Nucleus (WHICH contains CHROMOSOMES!!!)

Front 23

What is the nucleus responsible for?

Back 23

Metabolism and growth. It ALSO carries DNA!!!

Front 24

What makes up our genetic blueprint?

Back 24

Chromosomes

Front 25

In the human, all cells contain how many chromosomes?

Back 25

46

Front 26

Define Tissue?

Back 26

groups of cells that do a special activity

Front 27

what is the study of tissues?

Back 27

Histology

Front 28

What are the 4 major tissues of the body?

Back 28

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Front 29

Epithelial tissue does what?

Back 29

"Covers" organs, epidermis of skin

Front 30

Connective tissue does what?

Back 30

"Supports" other tissues and organs. Made of fibroblasts, fat cells, & blood

Front 31

Muscle tissue does what?

Back 31

"Provides" contractile tissue, responsible for movement.

Front 32

Nervous tissue (Electric Man!!) does what?

Back 32

"Transmits" electrical impulses as it relays information throughout the body

Front 33

Muscle and Connective tissue form the ________

Back 33

wall of the stomach

Front 34

What is the highest level of organization?

Back 34

Organism

Front 35

Define Anatomical Position?

Back 35

Standing erect, face forward, arms at sides, palms forward

Front 36

What divisions are used to divide the abdominopelvic into 2?

Back 36

Quadrants and Regions

Front 37

Dorsal-

Back 37

cranial and spinal

Front 38

Ventral-

Back 38

thoracic and abdminopelvic

Front 39

What do quadrants provide?

Back 39

locating specific places of the stomach for diagnostic purposes

Front 40

What are the abdominopelvic quadrants?

Back 40

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Front 41

What are the Abdominopelvic regions?

Back 41

right hypochondriac, left hypochondriac, epigastic, right lumbar, left lumbar, umbilical, right inguinal, left inguinal, hypogastric

Front 42

Spine is composed of what?

Back 42

Vertebrae

Front 43

Spine is divided into sections, what are they?

Back 43

Cervical (neck), Thoracic (chest), Lumbar (loin), Sacral (lower back), Coccyx (tailbone)

Front 44

caud-

Back 44

tail

Front 45

cephal-

Back 45

head

Front 46

dist-

Back 46

far

Front 47

dors-

Back 47

back

Front 48

infer-

Back 48

lower

Front 49

medi-

Back 49

middle

Front 50

poster-

Back 50

back, behind

Front 51

proxim-

Back 51

near

Front 52

ventr-

Back 52

belly

Front 53

ili-

Back 53

ilium (flaring portion of hip bone)

Front 54

lumb-

Back 54

loins

Front 55

pelv-

Back 55

pelvis

Front 56

spin-

Back 56

spine

Front 57

umbilic-

Back 57

navel

Front 58

albin-

Back 58

white

Front 59

leuk-

Back 59

white

Front 60

chlor-

Back 60

green

Front 61

chrom-

Back 61

color

Front 62

cirrh-

Back 62

yellow

Front 63

jaund-

Back 63

yellowing

Front 64

xantho-

Back 64

abnormal condition of yellowing

Front 65

cyan-

Back 65

blue

Front 66

erythr

Back 66

red

Front 67

melan-

Back 67

black

Front 68

poli-

Back 68

gray

Front 69

acr-

Back 69

extremity

Front 70

eti-

Back 70

cause

Front 71

idi-

Back 71

unknown

Front 72

morph-

Back 72

form, shape, structure

Front 73

path-

Back 73

disease

Front 74

radi-

Back 74

radiation

Front 75

somat-

Back 75

body

Front 76

son-

Back 76

sound

Front 77

tom-

Back 77

to cut

Front 78

viscer-

Back 78

internal organs

Front 79

xer-

Back 79

dry

Front 80

Define Homeostasis?

Back 80

stable internal environment to support life

Front 81

Define Idiopathic?

Back 81

Any disease that is found to be unknown

Front 82

Ascites-

Back 82

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

Front 83

Regions used to identify the location of underlying body structures and visceral organs

Back 83

Abdominopelvic

Front 84

Edema-

Back 84

abnormal condition of fluid within tissue spaces

Front 85

febrile-

Back 85

pertaining to a fever

Front 86

gangrene-

Back 86

death of soft tissue

Front 87

hernia-

Back 87

protrusion of any organ

Front 88

inflammation-

Back 88

body defense against stuff

Front 89

mycosis-

Back 89

fungal infection in/on the body

Front 90

perforation-

Back 90

hole that completely penetrates a structure

Front 91

peritonitis-

Back 91

inflammation of the pertoneum

Front 92

rupture-

Back 92

sudden bursting of an organ

Front 93

sepsis-

Back 93

pathological state, usually febrile (pertaining to fever)

Front 94

suppuration-

Back 94

producing pus

Front 95

Ablation-

Back 95

"Removal" of a part

Front 96

Anastomosis-

Back 96

"Surgical joining of 2" vessels to allow flow

Front 97

Cauterize-

Back 97

"destruction" of tissue by electric, freezing, heat, or chemicals

Front 98

curettage-

Back 98

"Scraping" of body cavity with a SPOON like instrument (curette)

Front 99

I&D-

Back 99

Incision and drainage

Front 100

Palpation-

Back 100

application of hands to a specific body area

Front 101

percussion-

Back 101

tapping an area with hands

Front 102

auscultation-

Back 102

listening to the heart with or without a stethoscope

Front 103

endoscopy-

Back 103

visual examination of a body cavity using an endoscope