Chapter 4, American History 9

Front 1

Overseers

Back 1

These were bosses who were hired by the plantation owners to keep their slaves working hard.

Front 2

Surplus

Back 2

When you have an extra amount of something.

Front 3

Cash Crop

Back 3

Crops grown in order to make a profit.

Front 4

Middle Passage

Back 4

The journey of slaves from the West Coast of Africa to the West Indies.

Front 5

Tidewater

Back 5

A region of flat, low-lying plains along a seacoast.

Front 6

Enlightenment

Back 6

The philosophical movement that believed knowledge, reason, and science could improve society.

Front 7

Royal Colony

Back 7

Colonies that are directly ruled by a king.

Front 8

Militia

Back 8

These are groups of civilians who are trained to fight in an emergency.

Front 9

Charter Colony

Back 9

These were founded by people who had been given a charter by the government. They were able to choose their own governors and members of the legislature.

Front 10

Subsistence Farm

Back 10

When a farmer grows just enough to feed his family.

Front 11

Triangular Trade

Back 11

Shipping routes that formed a triangle.

Front 12

Albany Plan of Union

Back 12

A plan for a united colonial government created by Benjamin Franklin.

Front 13

Slave Code

Back 13

Strict rules that told how a slave was to behave and what punishments they would be given if they didn't. It defined the roles of slaves to their masters.

Front 14

Glorious Revolution

Back 14

When King James II of England tried to take back power from the Parliament, and tighten control of the colonies, he was thrown out by the Parliament and replaced. [1688]

Front 15

Great Awakening

Back 15

A religious revival that went through the colonies from the 1720's to 1740's.

Front 16

Iroquois Confederacy

Back 16

A group of powerful Native American tribes who banded together for mutual protection and for peace. They were called the Six Nations by the English.

Front 17

Seven Year War

Back 17

This war, which started in America, was between the old enemies of France and Britain. They both wanted more land in the American colonies and fought to expand their land. It was called the French and Indian War in America.

Front 18

Pontiac's War

Back 18

This war, which went from 1763 to 1765, was fought between Chief Pontiac of the Ottawa and his allies, against the British and their colonists. Pontiac saw the settlers as a threat to his people and wanted to drive them off. The British eventually defeated him and his allies, but pardoned him.

Front 19

Navigation Acts

Back 19

These were restrictions put on the Colonies, that made it illegal for them to trade with, or even use the ships of, any country other than Britain.

Front 20

Proclamation 1763

Back 20

This tried to stop the westward expansion of the settlers into Indian land. Fearing more violence the British put the temporary boundary of their colonies at the Appalachian Mountains.