Chapter 4

Front 1

A ______is a group of similar cells that usually have a common embryonic origin and functions together

Back 1

tissue

Front 2

_______is the science that deals with the study of tissues

Back 2

histology

Front 3

______the sudy of diease

Back 3

pathology

Front 4

A______is the removal of a sample i living tissue for a microscopic examination

Back 4

biopsy

Front 5

______tissue covers body surfaces;lines hollow organs, body cavities and ducts;and forms glands

Back 5

Epitheial

Front 6

______tissue protects and supports the body and itd organs;binds organs together; stores energy reserves as fat; and provides imminuity

Back 6

connective

Front 7

_______tissue is reponsible for movement and generation of force

Back 7

muscle

Front 8

______tissue initiates and transmits action potentials that help coordinate body activities

Back 8

nerve

Front 9

The points of contact between adjacent plasma membranes are called_______ _____

Back 9

cell junction

Front 10

______ ______junctions form fluid-tight seals between cells like seals

Back 10

Tight

Front 11

________junctions fasten cells to one another or to the extracellular material

Back 11

anchoring

Front 12

_______junctions permit electrical or chemical signals to pass from cell to cell

Back 12

gap

Front 13

______form firm attachments between cells somewhat like spot weld

Back 13

decmosomes

Front 14

_____junctions connect microfilaments of cytoskeleton and link cells to one another or anchor cells to extracellular fluid

Back 14

omit

Front 15

______tissue forms the lining off blood vessel

Back 15

epitheial

Front 16

Epithelial cells have an______(free) surface which is exposed to the body cavity, lining of an internal organ or the exterior of the body

Back 16

Apical

Front 17

Epithelial cells have a ______surface which is attached to the basement membrane

Back 17

basal

Front 18

Epithelial are ______which means without blood vessels.

Back 18

avasicular

Front 19

The basement membrane of epithelia consists of two layers, the _______lamina and the ______lamina

Back 19

basal, reticular

Front 20

If epithelial is a sinlge layer it is called______epithelium

Back 20

simple

Front 21

If the layers are stacked in several layers it is called _____epithelium

Back 21

strasified

Front 22

_________epithelium has only one layer, however some o the cells do not reach the surface

Back 22

Psuedestrafied

Front 23

_____cells readily change shape and found when there is a great degree of distension(stretching) in the body

Back 23

Transitional

Front 24

Simple squamous epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels and forms the walls of capillaries is known as________

Back 24

endotheilium

Front 25

____is the production and release by cells of fluid that may contain a variety of substances such as mucus, perspiration,or enzymes

Back 25

Secertion

Front 26

_____is the in take of fluids or other subsatnces by cells

Back 26

Absorbotion

Front 27

______are microscopic finger like prjections that serve to increase the surace area of the plasma membrane

Back 27

Microvlli

Front 28

_______cells secrete mucus that accumulate in the upper half o the cell, causing that area to bulge out

Back 28

Goblet

Front 29

___is a protein that is waterproof and resistant to friction and helps repel bacteria in epithelial cells

Back 29

Keratin

Front 30

A_______may consist of one cell or group of highly specialized epithelial cells that secrete sudstances into ducts, onto a surface,or into the blood

Back 30

Gland

Front 31

_____glands secrete their products into ducts that empty at the surface of covering and lining epithelium or directly ont a free surface

Back 31

Exocrine

Front 32

______glands accumlate a secretory product in their cytosol

Back 32

Holocrine

Front 33

_____glands are ductless; their seceretory products eneter the extracellular flud and diffuse into the blood

Back 33

Endocrine

Front 34

One example of a holocrine gland is a _________(oil) gland of the skin

Back 34

sebaceous

Front 35

_______glands simplely form the secertory product and discharge it from the cell by exocytosis

Back 35

Merocine

Front 36

Examples of ______glands are the salivary glands and pancreas

Back 36

Merocine

Front 37

_______glands accumlate their seceratory product at the apical(free) surface of the secerting cell, and the portion ofthe cell pinches off from the rest; example is the mammary glands

Back 37

Aporine

Front 38

In connective tissue,______are large, flat, spindle-shaped cells with branching process;they secrete the molcules that form the matrix

Back 38

fibroblasts

Front 39

______develop from monocytes; have an irregular shape with short branching projections capable of engulfing bacteria and cellular debris by phagoctosis

Back 39

Macrophages

Front 40

_______cells are abundant along side blood vessels,they produce histamine, a chemical that dilates small blood vessels during inflammation

Back 40

Mast

Front 41

______contains protein fibers embedded in a fluid, gek of solid ground substance

Back 41

Matrix

Front 42

________acid is a viscous, slippery substance that binds cells together, lubricates joints, and helps maintain the shape of the eyeballs

Back 42

Hyaluronic

Front 43

_______is the most abundant protein in your body, representing about 25% of the total protein

Back 43

Collagen

Front 44

______fibers are smaller than collagen fibers and can be stretched 150% of their relaxed lenght; they are plentiful in the skin, blood vessels and lungs

Back 44

Elastic

Front 45

___________fibers consist of collagen and a coating if glycoprotein; provide support in the walls of blood vessels, and form a network around fat cells, nerve fibers and muscle fibers

Back 45

Reticular

Front 46

The embryonic connective tissue found almost exclusively in the embryo is ________;the tissue from which all other connective tissues eventually arise

Back 46

mesenchyme

Front 47

_______connective tissue is one of the most widely distributed connective tissue in the bidy; it contains several cells, and all three types of fibers , collagen. elastic. and reticular

Back 47

Areolar

Front 48

Combined with adipose tissue, areolar cnnective tissue forms the_______layer, the layer o tissue that attaches the skin to underlying tissue and organs

Back 48

subctaneous

Front 49

This tissue is a loose connective tissue in which the cells , called _________are specialized for storage of triglycerides

Back 49

adipocytes

Front 50

The cells of mature cartilage, called________occur singly or in groups with in spaces

Back 50

chondrocytes

Front 51

These spaces in which mature cartilage cells are found in are called_____

Back 51

lucana

Front 52

The surace of cartilage is surrounded by a membrane of dense irregular connective tissue called the __________

Back 52

perchondrium

Front 53

_______cartilage also called gristle,contains a resilient gel as its ground substance and is the most abundant kind of cartilage in the body

Back 53

Hyaline

Front 54

______contains chondrocytes scattered among clearly visible bundles of collagen fibers

Back 54

Fibrocartilage

Front 55

Together cartilage, joints and______tissue comprise the skeletal system

Back 55

bone/osseous

Front 56

Mature bone is called_____

Back 56

osteocytes

Front 57

______is a connective tissue with a liquid matrix called plasma

Back 57

Blood

Front 58

_____is the straw-colored liquid that conatins mostly water

Back 58

Plasma

Front 59

______functionin transportting oxygen to body cells and removing carbon dioxide from them

Back 59

Erthrocytes

Front 60

A_______membrane lines a bidy cavity that opens directly to the exterior

Back 60

mucus

Front 61

A serous membrane contains a areolar connective tissue layer whuch contains two portion, one portion attaches to the cavity wall and is called the ________portion; the other attaches to the cavity wall and is called the_______ portion

Back 61

parietal;visceral

Front 62

________membranes line the cavities of freely movable joints

Back 62

synovial

Front 63

These membranes secerte _________ fluid which lubricates the cartilage at the end of bones during their movements and nourishes the cartialge covering the bones at joints

Back 63

synovial

Front 64

______tissue consists of fibers(cells) that are beautifully constructed to generate force contraction

Back 64

Muscle

Front 65

______muslce tissue attach to bones, are straited and are voluntary

Back 65

Skeltal

Front 66

______muscle tissue forms the bulk of the wall of the heart,is involuntary

Back 66

Cardiac

Front 67

______muscle tissue is located in the walls of hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, airways, the stomach, intestines;are involuntary and non-straited

Back 67

Smooth

Front 68

_____are highly speciallized cells that convert stimuli into nerve impluse

Back 68

Nervous

Front 69

In nerve cells that_____ _____ contains the nucleus and other organelles

Back 69

cell body

Front 70

_______are highly branched , tapered process of the neuron that carries signals toward the cell body

Back 70

Dendrities

Front 71

______are single,long processes of the cell body that usually conduct nerve impluse away from the cell body

Back 71

Axons

Front 72

In some cases of tissue repair immature, undifferentiated cells called______cells divide to replace lost or damaged cells

Back 72

stem

Front 73

The process by which scar tissue is formed is called_____

Back 73

fibrosis

Front 74

Scar tissue can cause ______ which is the abnormal joining of tissue

Back 74

adhesions

Front 75

_______is an insoluble protein in a blood clot. that seals the open tissue by hardening into a scab

Back 75

Fibrin