Chapter 4 Regular Words

Front 1

Civil liberties

Back 1

The legal constitutional protections against government.

Front 2

Bill of Rights

Back 2

The first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, in which define such basic liberties as freedom of religion, speech, and press and guarantee defendants' rights.

Front 3

First Amendment

Back 3

The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great liberties: freedom of press, of speech, of religion, and of the assembly.

Front 4

14th amendment

Back 4

The constitutional amendment adopted after the Civil War that states, "No state show me or enforce any log wood shop a bridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state bird deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Front 5

Due Process Clause

Back 5

Part of the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees that persons cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property by the United States or state government without due process of law.

Front 6

Incorporation doctrine

Back 6

The legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalize the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states through the 14th amendment.

Front 7

Establishment Clause

Back 7

Part of the First Amendment stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion."

Front 8

Free Exercise Clause

Back 8

A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion.

Front 9

Prior restraint

Back 9

The government preventing material from being published.

Front 10

Libel

Back 10

The publication of false or malicious statements that damage someone's reputation.

Front 11

Symbolic speech

Back 11

Nonverbal communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband.

Front 12

Commercial speech

Back 12

Communication in the form of advertising.

Front 13

Probable cause

Back 13

The situation occurring when the police have reason to believe that a person should be arrested.

Front 14

Unreasonable searches and seizures

Back 14

Obtaining evidence in a haphazard or random matter, a practice prohibited by the Fourth Amendment.

Front 15

Search warrant

Back 15

A written authorization from a court specifying the area to be searched and what the police are searching for.

Front 16

Exclusionary rule

Back 16

The that evidence, no matter how and incriminating, cannot be introduced into a trial if it was not constitutionally obtained.

Front 17

Fifth Amendment

Back 17

A constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against double jeopardy, self-incrimination and punishment without due process of law.

Front 18

Self-incrimination

Back 18

The situation and crying when an individual accused of a crime is compelled to be a witness against himself or herself in court.

Front 19

6th amendment

Back 19

The Constitution amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes. It includes the right to counsel, The right to confront witnesses, and the right to a speedy and public trial.

Front 20

Plea bargaining

Back 20

The bargain stuck between the defendant's lawyer and the prosecutor to effect that the defendant will plead guilty to a lesser crime (or fewer crimes) in exchange for the state's promise not to prosecute the defendant for a more serious (or additional) crime.

Front 21

8th amendment

Back 21

The constitutional amendment that forbids cruel and unusual punishment.

Front 22

Cruel and unusual punishment

Back 22

Court sentences prohibited by the 8th amendment.

Front 23

Right to privacy

Back 23

The right to a private personal life free from the intrusion of the government.