Chapter 38 - Foundations Of Radiography, Radiographic Equipment, And Radiologic Safety

Front 1

Alara concept

Back 1

Concept of radiation protection that states that all exposures should be kept "as low as reasonably achievable."

Front 2

Anode

Back 2

The positive electrode in the x-ray tube.

Front 3

Atom

Back 3

The basic unit of matter.

Front 4

Cathode

Back 4

The negative electrode in the x-ray tube.

Front 5

Central ray

Back 5

X-rays at the center of the beam.

Front 6

Contrast

Back 6

Differences in degrees of blackness on a radiograph.

Front 7

Control panel

Back 7

The portion of the x-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button.

Front 8

Density

Back 8

The overall darkness or blackness of a radiograph.

Front 9

Dental radiography

Back 9

The process of making radiographs of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to radiographs.

Front 10

Distortion

Back 10

Change in the size of an image on a radiograph caused by incorrect vertical angulation.

Front 11

Dose (of radiation)

Back 11

The amount of energy absorbed by tissues.

Front 12

Electron

Back 12

A negatively charged particle in the atom.

Front 13

Energy

Back 13

The ability to do work.

Front 14

Extension arm

Back 14

Flexible arm that is attached to the x-ray tubehead.

Front 15

Genetic effects

Back 15

Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations through genetic cells.

Front 16

Ion

Back 16

An electrically charged particle.

Front 17

Ionization

Back 17

Process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans.

Front 18

Ionizing radiation

Back 18

Radiation that produces ionization, resulting in harmful effects.

Front 19

Kilovoltage peak (kVp)

Back 19

Highest voltage of radiograph tube used during a radiograph exposure.

Front 20

Latent period

Back 20

Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms.

Front 21

Lead apron

Back 21

Device used to protect the reproductive and blood-forming tissues from scatter radiation.

Front 22

Magnification

Back 22

The proportional enlargement of a radiographic image.

Front 23

Master switch, indicator light, selector buttons, exposure button

Back 23

Components of control panel.

Front 24

Matter

Back 24

Anything that occupies space and has form or shape.

Front 25

Milliampere (mA)

Back 25

One one-thousandth (1/1000) of an ampere.

Front 26

Penumbra

Back 26

The blurred or indistinct area that surrounds an image.

Front 27

Photon

Back 27

A minute (tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass.

Front 28

Primary beam

Back 28

The most penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode.

Front 29

Primary radiation

Back 29

Same as primary beam.

Front 30

Radiation

Back 30

Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material.

Front 31

Radiograph

Back 31

Image produced on photosensitive film.

Front 32

Radiology

Back 32

The science or study of radiation.

Front 33

Scatter radiation

Back 33

A form of secondary radiation that occurs when an x-ray beam has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter.

Front 34

Secondary radiation

Back 34

X-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter.

Front 35

Sharpness

Back 35

A measure of how well the radiograph reproduces the fine details or outlines of an object.

Front 36

Somatic effects

Back 36

Effects of radiation that cause illness and are responsible for poor health but are not passed on to offspring.

Front 37

Thyroid collar

Back 37

A flexible lead shield that is placed securely around the neck.

Front 38

Tubehead

Back 38

The part of the x-ray unit that contains the x-ray tube, the highhvoltage and low-voltage transformers, and insulating oil.

Front 39

Tungsten target

Back 39

A focal spot in the anode.

Front 40

X-radiation

Back 40

High-energy ionizing electromagnetic radiation.