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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Do animals have cell walls? |
No. |
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What are two problems that could be an issue with animals not having cell walls? |
Dessication, Lysis |
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What is the name for the disintegration of a cell by rupture of the cell wall or membrane? |
Lysis |
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What joins animal cells together? |
Protein-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) |
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What is the name of the protein that binds most animal bodies together? |
collagen |
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What is the name for nerve cells? |
neurons |
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How do neurons transmit signals along their membranes? |
Electrically |
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How do neurons transmit signals with other cells? |
chemically |
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What is the name for the structure on the neuron that receives the signal from neurotransmitters? |
Dendrites |
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What is the name for the long structure that passes the signals from the neuron to other neurons, muscles, or glands? |
Axon |
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What is the name for the junction between the axon and dendrite? |
Synapse |
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What is the name for the chemical signal neurons use to communicate with the rest of the body? |
neurotransmitters |
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Almost all animals are what kind of heterotrophs? |
ingestive |
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A small fraction of animals are what kind of parasite?
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absorptive |
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What kind of reproduction occurs in most animals? |
Sexual |
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What is the term for an organism that has both male and female structures? |
Hermaphrodite |
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What is the term for organisms whose virgin females produce eggs into offspring? |
parthogenesis |
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Most animals are diploid or haploid throughout life? |
Diploid |
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What is the name for the two haploid structures in most animals? |
sperm and egg |
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What is the name for the type of gene that controls development? |
Hox |
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What does the reproductive life cycle start with? |
zygote |
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What type of cell division is cleavage? |
mitotic |
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What is the name for the mitotic cell division that doesn't have cell growth in between divisions? |
Cleavage |
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What kind of process does a zygote undergo before it becomes a blastula? |
cleavage |
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What is the name of the hollow sphere of cells that a zygote becomes? |
Blastula |
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Where does the energy for the cleavage process come from in zygotes? |
Egg |
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What is the hollow space in the blastula called? |
Blastocoel |
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What is the process called that forms the gastrula? |
gastrulation |
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What is the name for the process in which cells of a blastula reorganize themselves into germ layers? |
gastrulation |
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What is the result of gastrulation? |
Gastrula |
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What is the name of the outside layer of the gastrula? |
Ectoderm |
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What is the name for the inner layer of the gastrula? |
Endoderm |
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What is the inner portion of the gastrula called? |
archentron |
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What is the name of the small opening into the archentron in the gastrula? |
blastopore |
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What do most animals have before adulthood? |
larval stage |
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What is the name for the stage of an animal which differs in form, function, and often habitat from the adult stage? |
Larva |
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What is the name for the transformation process that a larva goes through to become an adult? |
metamorphosis |
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In animal development, a primitive gut and embryonic tissues are established what stage? |
Gastrula |
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What is the name for the closest protist group to animals? |
Choanoflagellates |
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What type of cell is in both choanoflagellates and some animals and is used as evidence that we were once related? |
collar cells |
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How many years ago did the first animal fossils exist? |
710mya |
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What is the name for the pre-cambrian animals? |
Ediacaran biota |
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When did Ediacaran biota live? |
~565mya |
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Why are many of the animals that we believe existed not present in the fossil record? |
Soft bodied, bad preservation |
