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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four main classes |
Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleus acids |
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Momomer |
Small building block molecule |
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Polymer |
Multiple monomers |
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Dehydration reaction |
Removes water to form a bond |
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Hydrolysis |
Adding water to break a bond |
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Carbohydrates |
Sugars, starches Sugars: Monomer-monosaccharides Polymer-polysaccharide Sugars=lactose Enzyme= lactase Starches: Polysaccharide Used by plants(cellulose) |
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Glycogen |
-Polysaccharide -Animals use for storage -Glucose can be turned into glycogen -short term storage of energy
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Cholesterol |
A steroid that then turns into testosterone and estrogen |
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Cortisol |
Stress hormone |
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Proteins |
Polymers made of amino acids Multiple rolls throughout body Bond to preform functions |
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Enzyme function |
To make or break bonds |
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Denature |
Unraveling the protein; becomes non functional (heat) |
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Peptide |
2 amino acids |
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Poly peptide |
Multiple amino acids |
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Peptide bond |
A dehydration reaction, looses water |
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Nucleus acid |
DNA RNA |
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What does DNA stand for |
Deoxyribose nucleus acid |
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Lipids |
All lipids are hydrophobic because they are non polar 1. Fats 2. Phospholipid 3. Steroids |
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What does RNA stand for |
Ribonucleic acid |
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What are the 3 parts of nucleic acids |
Sugar Phosphate Base |
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What is the backbone made up of? |
Sugar and phosphate group |
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Fatty acid |
Carboxyl group -COOH Hydrocarbon chain |
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3 fatty acid chains that link glycerol is called _____ |
Triglycerides |
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Saturated fats |
-animal fats -solid at room temp - butter |
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Unsaturated fats |
-loosely packed -liquid at room temp -vegetable oil |
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What kind of bond makes it unsaturated |
Double bond |
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Trans fat |
Unsaturated fats hydrogenated (Added hydrogen back in) |
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Phospholipids |
Major component of all cell membranes similar with fats Have one saturated chain and one unsaturated chain |
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Steroids |
Lipids in which the carbon skeleton contains four fused rings |
