Chapter 3 Psych (Part 1) ( Neurological And Genetic Bases Of Behavior)

Front 1

Neurons

Back 1

Specialized cells that send and receive info (nervous system)

Front 2

Sensory Neurons

Back 2

send info from sensory receptors to the brain by spinal chord

Front 3

Motor neurons

Back 3

neurons that send commands to glands, muscles and organs to do, cease, or inhibit something

Front 4

Interneurons

Back 4

connects sensory neurons (input) with motor neuron (output)

Front 5

Soma

Back 5

cell body of the neuron contains nucleus

Front 6

Dendrites

Back 6

Branch like extensions of soma that receive info from other neurons' terminal buttons

Front 7

Axon

Back 7

Extension of soma that receives info in the form of electrochemical impulses

Front 8

Mylein Sheath

Back 8

protective coating of fatty material around axon. (makes transmission of electrochemical charge faster)

Front 9

Synapse

Back 9

Area composed of Terminal Button, Synaptic cleft and dendrite of another neuron

Front 10

Glial Cells

Back 10

Non neuron cells that supply neurons with support, nutrients and insulation (Grey matter)

Front 11

Resting Potential

Back 11

Stable negative charge of an inactive neuron

Front 12

Action potential

Back 12

Brief shift in a neurons electrical charge that causes the charge to travel down the Axon

Front 13

Neurotransmitters

Back 13

Chemical messengers that are released by terminal buttons due to action potential. They travel down synaptic cleft and either activate or inhibit receptors on adjacent dendrites

Front 14

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Back 14

Neurotransmitter involved in muscle contractions and memory formation

Front 15

Dopamine(Da)

Back 15

neurotransmitter that promotes and facilitates movement as well as influencing thought.

Front 16

Endorphins

Back 16

Fam of neurotransmitters; play an important role in pleasure and control of pain

Front 17

Serotonin

Back 17

neurotransmitter; important in regulating sleep cycle, dreaming, aggression, appetite

Front 18

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 18

portion of nervous system containing nerves outside brain and spinal chord

Front 19

Nerve

Back 19

bundle of axons routed together in peripheral nervous system

Front 20

Somatic Nervous System

Back 20

part of PNS; commands voluntary skeletal muscles and receives sensory info from muscle and skin.

Front 21

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 21

part of PNS controls movement of non-skeletal muscles with no voluntary control (heart, lungs etc.)

Front 22

Sympathetic Nervous System

Back 22

part of autonomic nervous system; activates energy resources to deal with threatening situations

Front 23

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Back 23

part of autonomic nervous system that acts to conserve and maintain the body's energy

Front 24

Central Nervous system

Back 24

spinal chord and Brain

Front 25

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Back 25

cushioning fluid that surrounds brain and spinal chord

Front 26

Spinal Chord

Back 26

Slender tube-shaped part of the central nervous system that extends from the vase of the brain down to the center of the back, made up of a bundle of nerves.

Front 27

Reflex

Back 27

Automatic, involuntary response to sensory stimuli