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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The outermost electrons of an atom |
valence electrons |
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The center of an atom |
Nucleus |
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Hot, highly ionized, electrically conducting gas |
plasma |
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The smallest particle of an element that retains that element's characteristics |
atom |
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The change from gas to liquid |
condensation |
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A homogeneous mixture is also called a |
solution |
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The change of one or more substances into other substances |
chemical reaction |
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The attractive force between two ions of opposite charge |
ionic bond |
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A tiny particle with a negative electrical charge |
electron |
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The average of the mass numbers of an element's isotopes |
atomic mass |
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The spontaneous process through which unstable nuclei emit radiation |
radioactive decay |
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The combined number of protons and neutrons |
mass number |
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The area where an electron is most likely to be found |
energy level |
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The attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons |
covalent bond |
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An atom that gains or loses an electron and is charged |
ion |
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a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance |
element |
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tiny particle with positive electrical charge |
proton |
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solutions characterized by the formation of hydroxide ions (OH-) |
bases |
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process of changing from a liquid to a gas |
evaporation |
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The basic building blocks of matter |
atoms |
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the nucleus conatins |
protons and neutrons |
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Many elements are mixture of |
isotopes |
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chemical behavior of an element is determined by |
the number of electrons in the outermost energy level |
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substances characterized by the formation of hydrogen ions (H+) in water |
acids |
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a combination of two or more components that retain their identity |
mixture |
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What type of bonding takes place in table salt of Na+ and Cl- |
ionic bonding |
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Soil is an example of what mixture |
heterogeneous |
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How many physical states does matter exist in the universe |
4 |
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Tomatoes have a pH of 4 Are they acidic pr basic |
acidic |
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How many electrons are held in the first energy level |
2 |
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How many electrons are held in the second energy level |
8 |
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How many electrons are held in the third energy level |
18 |
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How many electrons are held in the fourth energy level |
32 |
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What is the formula for calculating the capacity of each energy level |
2n squared |
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Elements with a full outermost energy level are |
Unlikely to combine chemically with other elements |
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The identity of an element is defined by its number of |
isotopes |
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bond that shares valence electrons |
Covalent bonds |
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bond between opposite charged ions attracting each other |
ionic bond |
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The law of conservation of energy is also called |
the first law of thermodynamics |
