Chapter 28

Front 1

potsdam conference

Back 1

conference held in Potsdam in the summer of 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill drew up plans for the administration of Germany and Poland after World War II ended

Front 2

iron curtian

Back 2

•an impenetrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy; used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the demarcation between democratic and communist countries

Front 3

Nato

Back 3

•North Atlantic Treaty Organization: an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security

Front 4

1948 election

Back 4

?

Front 5

douglas MacArthur

Back 5

•MacArthur: United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II; he accepted the surrender of Japan (1880-1964)

Front 6

"self Determination"

Back 6

•Self-determination is the free choice of one’s own acts without external compulsion. In politics it is seen as the freedom of the people of a given territory or national grouping to determine their own political status and how they will be governed without undue influence from any other country

Front 7

lend lease aid

Back 7

?

Front 8

taft hartly act

Back 8

•Federal legislation that amended the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 to include a definition of unfair labor practices, grant individual employees the right to sue union or company officials for unfair labor practices, restrict closed shops and prohibit secondary boycotts.

Front 9

McCarthyism

Back 9

•McCarthyism is the politically motivated practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence

Front 10

Adlai Stevenson

Back 10

•Adlai Stevenson may refer to: * Adlai E. Stevenson I (1835-1914), U.S. Vice President (1893-1897) and Congressman (1879-1881) * Adlai Stevenson II (1900-1965), Governor of Illinois (1949-1953), U.S. presidential candidate (1952 and 1956), U.N. Ambassador (1961-1965), grandson of Adlai Stevenson I

Front 11

CIA

Back 11

•Central Intelligence Agency: an independent agency of the United States government responsible for collecting and coordinating intelligence and counterintelligence activities abroad in the national interest; headed by the Director of Central Intelligence under the supervision of the President

Front 12

sputnik

Back 12

•a Russian artificial satellite; "Sputnik was the first man-made satellite to orbit the earth"

Front 13

Francis Gary Powers

Back 13

•Francis Gary Powers (August 17, 1929 - August 1, 1977) was an American pilot whose CIA U-2 spy plane was shot down while violating Soviet Union airspace, causing the 1960 U-2 incident.

Front 14

ICBM

Back 14

•intercontinental ballistic missile: a ballistic missile that is capable of traveling from one continent to another

Front 15

Bernard Baruch

Back 15

•Bernard Mannes Baruch (; August 19, 1870 – June 20, 1965) was an American financier, stock-market speculator, statesman, and political consultant. After his success in business, he devoted his time toward advising U.S. Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt on economic matters.

Front 16

George Marshall

Back 16

•Marshall: United States general and statesman who as Secretary of State organized the European Recovery Program (1880-1959)

Front 17

Dean Acheson

Back 17

•Dean Gooderham Acheson (April 11, 1893 - October 12, 1971) was an American statesman and lawyer; as United States Secretary of State in the administration of President Harry S. Truman during 1949–1953, he played a central role in defining American foreign policy during the Cold War. ...

Front 18

George Kennan

Back 18

•Kennan, the government's foremost authority on Russian history, formulated the rationale for the containment policy. Kennan distrusted the Soviet government and believed it would pursue expansion in an effort to shore up its repressive dictatorship at home.

Front 19

Andrei Gromyko

Back 19

•Gromyko: Soviet ambassador to the United States and to the United Nations (1909-1989)

Front 20

Chiang Kai-Sheik

Back 20

?

Front 21

Mao Tse-Tung

Back 21

•Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976) was a Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

Front 22

Ho Chi Minh

Back 22

a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary and statesman who was prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1945–1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).

Front 23

Vietminh

Back 23

•The Việt Minh (abbreviated from Việt Nam Ðộc Lập Ðồng Minh Hội, English "League for the Independence of Vietnam") was a national liberation movement founded in South China on May 19, 1941

Front 24

Nikita Khrushchev

Back 24

•Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (April 15, 1894 – September 11, 1971) was a Soviet politician during the Cold War era. He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964

Front 25

NSC-68

Back 25

•National Security Council Report 68 (NSC-68) was a 58-page formerly-classified report issued by the United States National Security Council on April 14, 1950, during the presidency of Harry S. Truman. ...

Front 26

National Security Council

Back 26

•A National Security Council (NSC) is usually an executive branch governmental body responsible for coordinating policy on national security issues and advising chief executives on matters related to national security

Front 27

National Security Act 1947

Back 27

•this was passed by congress and developed the department of defense ( to coordinate the three armed services), the National Security Council (to advise the president on security issues) and the central intelligence agency (to gather and evaluate intelligence data) - 1 miss

Front 28

containment

Back 28

•a policy of creating strategic alliances in order to check the expansion of a hostile power or ideology or to force it to negotiate peacefully; "containment of communist expansion was a central principle of United States' foreign policy from 1947 to the 1975"
•(physics) a system designed to prevent the accidental release of radioactive material from a reactor
•the act of containing; keeping something from spreading; "the containment of the AIDS epidemic"; "the containment of the rebellion"

Front 29

Marshall Plan

Back 29

•The Marshall Plan (from its enactment, officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the primary program, 1948–51, of the United States for rebuilding and creating a stronger economic foundation for the countries of Western Europe, and repelling the threat of internal communism after World

Front 30

Suez Crisis

Back 30

•started in 1956 when Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal. Shortly thereafter Israel, supported by France and Great Britain, invaded the Sinai Peninsula. Special peacekeeping forces, from neutral member nations, under UN command, brought an end to the hostilities

Front 31

Gamal Nasser

Back 31

January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was the second President of Egypt from 1954 until his death.

Front 32

Alger Hiss

Back 32

November 11, 1904 – November 15, 1996) was an American lawyer, civil servant, businessman, author and lecturer. He was involved in the establishment of the United Nations both as a U.S. State Department and UN official

Front 33

Truman Doctrine

Back 33

•President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology

Front 34

Berlin Airlift

Back 34

•airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin

Front 35

Kim Il-Sung

Back 35

•Kim Il-sung (Korean: 김 일성; 15 April 1912 – 8 July 1994) was a Korean communist politician who led North Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death

Front 36

38th Parallel

Back 36

•he 38th degree of north latitude as it bisects the Korean Peninsula became the arbitrary demarcation line between North and South Korea from 1945 to 1948 and the border between the Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from 1948 to 1950.

Front 37

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

Back 37

?

Front 38

Klaus Fuchs

Back 38

•Fuchs: British physicist who was born in Germany and fled Nazi persecution; in the 1940s he passed secret information to the USSR about the development of the atom bomb in the United States (1911-1988

Front 39

Election of 1952

Back 39

United States presidential election of 1952 took place in an era when Cold War tension between the United States and the Soviet Union was escalating rapidly

Front 40

Military Industrial Complex

Back 40

•a country's military establishment and the industries that produce arms and other military equipment; "we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex"--Dwight David Eisenhower

Front 41

council of economic advisors

Back 41

•The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) is a group of three respected economists who advise the President of the United States on economic policy. It is a part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and provides much of the economic policy of the White House

Front 42

john foster dulles

Back 42

•John Foster Dulles (February 25, 1888 - May 24, 1959) served as U.S. Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. He was a significant figure in the early Cold War era, advocating an aggressive stance against communism throughout the world