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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Andragogy is the
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art and science of teaching adults,
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Geragogy is the term used to describe the
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process involved in helping older adults to learn. An individual’s developmental stage influences the ability to learn for children, adults, and older adults
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pedagogy, is the
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the discipline concerned with helping children learn.
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What points can a Nurses use to follow andragogic concepts aboutadult learners as a guide for client teaching
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■ As people mature, they move from dependence toindependence.
■ An adult’s previous experiences can be used as a resource forlearning. ■ Learning is related to an immediate need, problem, or deficit. ■ An adult is more oriented to learning when the material isuseful immediately, ■ reinforce by application and prompt feedback. |
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Bloom (1956) identified what three domains or areas of learning
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cognitive,affective, and psychomotor.
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The cognitive domain, the“thinking” domain, includes six intellectual abilities and thinkingprocesses beginning with
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knowing,
comprehending, applying to analysis, synthesis, evaluation |
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The affective domain,known as the
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“feeling” domain, is divided into categories that specify the degree of a “person’s depth of emotional responses to tasks”
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The affective domain includes emotional and social goals such as
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1 feelings,
2 interests 3 attitudes, 4 appreciations. |
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Thepsychomotor domain, is the _______ that includes____ _____ abilities such as giving an injection
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"skill” domain, includes fine and gross motor
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Helping the client accept the chronic implications of diabetes and maintain self-esteemis in which domain |
the affective |
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teaching a client how toself-administer insulin is in the __________ domain
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psychomotor
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animportant part of a teaching plan for a client with diabetes is toteach why insulin is needed and what to do when not feelingwell; this is in the ___________ domain.
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the cognitive
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Learning Theories includes Three main theoretical constructs such as
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behaviorism, cognitivism, and humanism
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which theorist closely observe responses and then manipulate theenvironment to bring about the intended change.
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Behaviorists
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In summary, nurses applying behavioristic theory will |
■ Provide sufficient practice time immediateand repeatedly with return demonstration.
■ have learners solve problems by trial& error.
■ avoid distracting informationand evoke desired response.
■ provide positivefeedback at intervals .
■ Provide role models of desired behavior. |
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Nurses applying cognitive theory will:
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■ Provide a social, emotional, and physical environment conduciveto learning.
■ positive teacher–learner relationship. ■ Select multisensory teaching strategies. ■ teach approachesto learning styles. ■ teaching strategies to developmental and readiness ■ Select behavioral objectives and teaching strategies that encompassthe cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domainsof learning. |
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.According to who theory learning is believed to be self-motivated, self-initiated, and self-evaluated |
humanistic theory, |
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Nurses applying humanistic theory will:
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■ Convey empathy in the nurse–client relationship.
■ have learner make goals and self-directed learning. ■ active learning , be a mentor, or resource for the learner. ■ Expose the learner to new relevant information and ask appropriate questions to encourage the learner to seek answers. |
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Factors Affecting Learning
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Age and Developmental Stage
Motivation *Repetition Readiness *Timing Active Involvement *Environment Relevance *Emotions Feedback *Physiological Events *Cultural Aspects Nonjudgmental Support Simple to Complex Learning Psychomotor Ability |
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Nurse should know which of the following physical abilities important for learningpsychomotor skills: |
Energy - Suggest working out in am
Muscle strength.- Can you pull yourself up Motor coordination- can you hold a spoon Sensory acuity- can you see or hear |
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The Internetand Health Information includes
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Online Health Information
*e-patient Older Adults and Use of the Internet *e-commerce Implications |
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health information,services, and products provided via the Internet refers to which term
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e-health
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How can the nurse help with online Implications |
◘nurses needto integrate technology into the teachingplans for those clients who use the Internet.
◘Nurses involvedin e-health can advocate for Web designs that provideaccessibility accommodations for older adults
◘Nurses need to apply teaching strategies for those clients who do not usethe Internet |
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Older Adults and Use of the Internet have trouble using computers because of
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* motorskill
* Visualchanges * low incomes, *lower education * rural areas “Partneringwith Seniors for Better Health” facilitateactivities to bridge the gap of older adult computer usage. |
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Special considerations in teaching older adultsinclude the following: Health promotion is a priority need and should include which areas:
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• Exercise
• Safety habits • Nutrition • Having regular health checkups • Understanding medications Set achievable goals—involve the client and family indoing this. |
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Special considerations in teaching older adults include the following: If developing written materials the nurse should :
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• Use large print at least 14-point type size
• bulleted format. • Use buff-colored paper or white paper that has a matte (dull) finish (avoids glare). • Present the information at a 6-8 grade reading level |
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adherence,which is
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commitment or attachment to a regimen.
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__________ is best illustrated when the person recognizes andaccepts the need to learn, and then follows through with the appropriatebehaviors that reflect the learning
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compliance
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Considerations in teaching children include the following:PRESCHOOL CHILDREN (3–5 YEARS OF AGE)
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■ Allow the child to play with replicas or dolls to learn about body parts. ■ Give praise and approval to motivate learning. ■ Concerned about fear of pain and bodily harm. Reassure them and allow them to tell you about these fears. Use words carefully. For example, use “fix” instead of “cut”; “bandage” instead of “dressing.” |
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Considerations in teaching children include the following: MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD (6–11 YEARS OF AGE)
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■ Are able to think logically but abstract thought is limited.
■ Like to be actively involved in the learning process. ■ Teaching for health promotion often occurs through theschool nurse. |
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What are some Examples of Verbsfor Writing Learning Outcomes of COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE PSYCHOMOTOR |
Compares. Accepts. Assembles Describes. Attends. Calculates Evaluates. Chooses. Changes Explains. Discusses. Demonstrates Identifies. Displays. Measures Labels. Initiates. Moves Lists. Joins. Organizes Names. Participates. Shows Plans. Shares Selects. Uses States Writes |
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How can a nusre identify a person with low Health literacy
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○Pattern of noncompliance, frequent errors in medicationsor self-care instructions
○Insisting that they already know the information ○Forms filled out incompletely or incorrectly ○Having a friend or family member read the document for them ○Aloof or withdrawn during explanations ○Frequent missed appointments, including consultationsand/or laboratory tests. ○Pattern of excuses for not reading the instructions (e.g., glasses broken or forgotten, stating will read later or when they get home) |
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Learning is define as
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Learning is represented by a changein behavior
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learning need is
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a desire or a requirement to know something that is presently unknown to the learner
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modeling, the processby which
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a person learns by observing the behavior of others.
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imitation, the process by which
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individuals copy or reproduce what they have observed
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_________ to learn is the demonstration of behaviors or cues that reflect the learner’s motivation to learn at a specific time
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Readiness
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These strategy are best with what type of learner
-Printed and audiovisual materials -Explanation ordescription (e.g., lecture) -Answering questions |
Cognitive |
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These strategy are best with what type of learner -Discovery -Group discussions -Role-playing |
Affective, cognitive
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These strategy are best with what type of learner |
Affective, psychomotor
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These strategy are best with what type of learner -Demonstration |
Psychomotor
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These strategy are best with what type of learner |
All types of learning
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