Chapter 27 Flashcards

Front 1

Kellog-Briand Treaty

Back 1

A treaty that sought to end wars by preventing them from happening in the first place.

Front 2

Washington Conference

Back 2

A meeting between the world's dominant naval superpowers where the naval power of the US, Japan, and Great Britain were limited.

Front 3

Adolf Hitler

Back 3

See springtime. Crazy German dictator from Austria. Started World War 2 and deserves to be beaten to a pulp with a raspberry.

Front 4

Nye Committee

Back 4

A committee that investigated weapon companies and there influence in war. It was found that these companies made large profits and therefore, the committee believed that they may have influenced the start of the war and neutrality laws were put in place to prevent this from happening a second time.

Front 5

America First Committee

Back 5

An isolationist group that wanted America to stay out of the war in Europe. Had, possibly, the most members of any anti-war group in history.

Front 6

War Production Board

Back 6

A government agency set up to oversee war materials and the manufacturing of war supplies. Power was severely diminished due to the fact that the military branches contacted directly with the suppliers..

Front 7

Fair Employment Practices Committee

Back 7

A commission that preventing businesses in defense contracts or the government from discriminating based on color, ethnicity, or religion.

Front 8

"Zoot Suit" Riots

Back 8

Violence that broke out between white sailors and Latinos in Los Angeles.

Front 9

D-Day

Back 9

Operation Overlord, The "D" in D-Day stands for Day. So really the event was called Day-Day. A combined assault by amphibious and airborne forces landed at or around Normandy. End outcome: Allies have a foothold in France.

Front 10

Manhattan Project

Back 10

Top Secret nuclear weapons project. First Atomic weapons.

Front 11

Los Alamos

Back 11

Top secret facility that housed the Manhattan Project.

Front 12

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 12

Two Japanese cities that had atomic weapons used on them. First and only wartime use of nuclear weapons.

Front 13

Chiand Kai Sheik

Back 13

Leader of the Chinese military forces still resisting Japan.

Front 14

Hideki Tojo

Back 14

Japanese Prime Minister during World War 2. After the war he was sentenced to death for war crimes.

Front 15

Charles deGaulle

Back 15

French leader during World War 2. Encouraged the French to resist the Germans and fled to England in the meantime.

Front 16

Joseph Stalin

Back 16

Dictator of Soviet Russia during World War 2. In some ways, worse than Hitler. Stalin and Hitler originally signed non-aggression pacts but then went to war anyway. Stalin won.

Front 17

A. Phillip Randolf

Back 17

African American Civil Rights Leader during the time. Founder of the March on Washington Movement.

Front 18

Henry Stimson

Back 18

Secretary of War under Roosevelt. Was in direct command of the Manhattan Project and managed several strategies while in office.

Front 19

Cordell Hull

Back 19

Longest serving Secretary of State and won a Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution in the founding of the United Nations.

Front 20

Veterans of Future Wars

Back 20

An organization by college students to acquire bonuses and compensation for their involvement in future wars.

Front 21

Sudetenland

Back 21

A region in Czechoslovakia with a large German speaking population. Hitler recaptured it in the 1930s.

Front 22

Nazi - Soviet Pact

Back 22

A non-aggression pact that said that neither side will go to war with each other for 10 years, and in the meantime lets divide Poland.

Front 23

Cash and Carry/Lend-Lease Acts

Back 23

Cash and Carry stated that you could buy equipment in the United States, however you had to transport it. Lend Lease gave military equipment to the allies to help them in WW2.

Front 24

Mother's Crusade

Back 24

Group that protested the Lend Lease Act.

Front 25

Reuben James

Back 25

An American Destroyer that was sunk by German U-Boats in the Atlantic. The Reuben James was leased to the English under the Lend-Lease Acts. This was done because the ship was an outdated model, having been built after the style of the dreadnoughts.

Front 26

Tripartite Act

Back 26

The act which created the axis powers. The alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Front 27

Axis Powers

Back 27

Japan, Germany, and Italy. 3 main enemy nations of WW2.

Front 28

Pearl Harbor

Back 28

American Naval base at Pearl City in Hawaii. Famous for the Japanese surprise attack which decimated the American pacific fleet. Japanese made 2 mistakes. First, they called off the third wave which was supposed to wipe out the fuel storage and second they left the drydocks intact. This meant that the ships could be quickly repaired and we did not have a fuel shortage early in the war. Which would have defeated us. Also, the carriers were not at Pearl when it was attacked, therefore we still had a carrier fleet.

Front 29

Winston Churchill

Back 29

British Prime Minister during WW2. He, Stalin, and Roosevelt were the big three.

Front 30

Battle of Stalingrad

Back 30

A bloody battle at the city of Stalingrad which was on the banks of the Волга river. German advance was halted here before they could reach the resource rich areas of the Caucasus Mountains.

Front 31

North African Campaign

Back 31

The first American involvement in the war with Great Britain against Rommel and his Africa Korps. Originally the United States was unprepared and suffered some defeats like the Kasserine Pass. Eventually, Rommel was pushed back.

Front 32

Admiral Chester Nimitz

Back 32

Commander of the American Pacific Fleet. Led the war in the Pacific.

Front 33

Office of Price Administration

Back 33

Created to control inflation and to set wages and prices. This helped prevent the economy from collapsing during the war.

Front 34

Executive Order 9066

Back 34

An executive order that authorized the government to detain Japanese Americans and hold them in concentration camps throughout the war.

Front 35

Nisei

Back 35

Word meaning Japanese American.

Front 36

Atlantic Charter

Back 36

Statement agreed between Great Britain and the United States concerning post war issues.

Front 37

Big Three Conference

Back 37

Also called the Yalta Conference. A meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin for the purpose of discussing post war organization.

Front 38

Battle of the Bulge

Back 38

German counterattack at a crossroads in Belgium at a town called Bastogne. The American Defense held and the Germans were repelled by the 101st Airborne Division and eventually by George S. Patton who came to the rescue when General Montgomery couldn't.

Front 39

Manchuria

Back 39

A region within China that the Japanese took over in World War 2. The region was fought over because Japan wanted natural resources it didn't have access to.

Front 40

U.S.S. Missouri

Back 40

A United States battleship where the Japanese finally surrendered. The treaty was signed in Tokyo Bay on the decks of the Missouri. The Missouri was the last battleship that the United States ever built.