Chapter 26 Vocab

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RFC

Back 1

Reconstruction Finance Corporation, established by Congress in 1932. It loaned the gov't money to financial institutions to save them from bankruptcy. It was originally designed to help imperiled banks and insurance companies

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Hundred Days

Back 2

FDR made improvements in 100 Days, Roosevelt sent 15 major requests to Congress and received back 15 pieces of legislation

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NRA

Back 3

National Recovery Administration. it was FDR's attempt to achieve economic advance through planning and cooperation among government, business, and labor. It hoped to achive its goals by permitting companies to cooperate in writing codes of fair competition that would set realistic limits on production

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AAA

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Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Allocated acreage among individual farmers, encouraging them to take land out of production by paying them subsidies

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Harry Hopkins

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Brought in by Roosevelt to direct the relief program. Spent more than $5 million in less than 2 hours. Had cut through red tape to distribute money to 1/6 of the Americans

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WPA

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works progress administration. Created to spend $5 billion authorized by Congress for emergency relief. It put the unemployed on the federal payroll so they could earn enough to meet their basic needs and help stimulate the economy.

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Townsend Plan

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proposed giving everyone over the age of 60 a monthly pension of $200 with the proviso that it must be spent within 30 days

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Social Security Act

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the most significant reform enacted in 1935. It provided for old-age pensions financed equally by a tax on employers and workers, without government contributions. It gave states federal matching funds to provide modest pensions for the destitute elderly. It set up a system of unemployment compensation on a federal state basis.

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Wagner act

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created to outlaw company unions and unfair labor practices in order to ensure collective bargaining for unions. Created a national labor relations board to preside over labor-management relations and enable unions to engage in collective bargaining with federal support.

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National Labor Relations Board

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to preside over labor-management relations and enable unions to engage in collective bargaining with federal support.

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John L Lewis

Back 11

head of the United Mine Workers, took the lead in forming the Committee on Industrial Organization. Determined to spread the benefits of unions throughout industry

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Liberty League

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formed by a group of wealthy industrialists to fight what they saw as the New Deal's assault on property rights. It attracted Democrats and in 1936 endorsed the Republican presidential candidate.

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Civilian Conservation Corps

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enrolled young males from city families on relief and sent them to work on the nations public lands, cutting trails, planting trees, etc

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Bonus Army

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a group of 22,000 WWI veterans who had come to Washington to lobby Congress to pay a bonus for military service that was due them in 1945.

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Public Works Administration

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headed by secretary of the interior Haold Ickes. It was authorized to put people to work but Ickes failed to do so

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Civil Works Administration

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enabled people to work and earn enough money to survive the winter

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Harold Ickes

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secretary of the interior who failed to operate the PWA properly.

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United Automobile workers

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developed an effective strike technique. It was that workers refused to leave the factory until they got what they wanted

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Farm Security Administration

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granted loans to small farmers and tenants for rehabilitation and purchase of small-sized farms.

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Hattie Caraway

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succeeded her husband in the Senate, winning a full term in 1934

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Federal Farm Board

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loaned money to aid cooperatives and brought up surplus crops in the open market in a vain effort to raise farm prices

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Fair Labor Standards Act

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aimed to establish both minimum wages and maximum hours of work per week.

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Hoovervilles

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created by Herbert Hoover, homeless

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Charles Coughlin

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a Roman Catholic priest from Detroit who had originally supported FDR. Appealed to the discontented with a strange mixture of crank monetary schemes

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Huey Long

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had a remarkable ability to mock those in power. He advocated seizing all fortunes of more than $5 million and levying a tax of 100% on incomes greater than $1 million

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Francis Townsend

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propsed the Townsend Plan for old people

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Alf Landon

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Governor of Kansas who was the Republican presidential candidate. He disappointed his backers by refusing to campaign for repeal of the popular New Deal Reforms

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Elneanor Roosevelt

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set an example that encouraged millions of Am. women. She traveled around the country to uncover the wrongs of society

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Charles Evans Hughes

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testified tellingly to the Senate udiciary Committee, parting out that in fact the Court was set up to date and not behind schedules as changed

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Fireside Chats

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FDR's talks to the nation when he told the public what he had done

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Tennessee Valley Authority

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an attempt at regional planning. Included provisions for the environment and recreational design; architectural, educational, health, projects, etc

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Court Packing

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legal but outraged conservatives and liberals said that the court wasnt up to date

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Rural Electrification Administration

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transformed American rural life by making electricity available at low rates to American farm families in areas that private power companies refused to service.

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New Deal

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a time of programs and administrations to alleviate the effects of the Great Depression

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New Deal Coalition

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the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates from 1932 until approximately 1968, which made the Democratic Party the majority party during that period, losing only to Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952 and 1956.

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Indian Reorganization Act

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was a U.S. federal legislation which secured certain rights to Native Americans

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Great Depression

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a strong upsurge of Republicans in the election of 1938. GOP won seats in the House and Senate. Democrats margin in the house was deceptive

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CIO

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Congress of Industrial Organizations,was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955

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New Deal Impact on women, african americans, and mexicans

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they benefited little from the New Deal.