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144 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Neutron are all what |
The four types of ionizing radiation |
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TRACEM Thermal Radiological Asphyxiation Chemical Etiological/Biological Mechanical |
The six types of Haz Mat Hazards |
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CBRNE Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive |
(WMDs) Particularly dangerous Haz Mat |
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Length of time a chemical agent remains effective without dissipating |
Persistence |
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Ability to remain in the environment |
Persistence |
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Contact with a hazardous material, causing biological damage; typically by swallowing, breathing, or touching May be acute or chronic |
Exposure |
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Bomb or other weapon that targets responders and bystanders who are already at the scene of am incident |
Secondary Device |
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Multiple fires or explosions Propane or other flammable gas cylinders in unusual locations Unattended packages/backpacks/objects left in public areas |
Explosive/Incendiary Attack Indicators |
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Stencil on the exterior of a tank car indicating the standards to which the tank car was built; may also be found on international containers and cargo tanks |
Specification Marking |
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Substance that slows down or prevents a chemical reaction; also known as a stabilizer |
Inhibitor |
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Unlawful force or violence against people or property to coerce or intimidate a government or its citizens, for social or political purposes |
Terrorism |
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Laboratory that produces illegal or controlled substances, such as drugs, explosives, biological, agents, or chemical warfare agents |
Illicit/Illegal Clandestine Laboratory |
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Glowing material Material that is hot without any sign of external heat source Suspicious packages that weigh more than they should |
Radiological Attack Indicators |
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Temperature at which a liquid begins to boil, and vapor pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure. The evaporation exceeds condensation. More liquid is turning to gas than liquid |
Boiling Point |
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Transmittable; able to infect people |
Infections |
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Cylindrical container of about 5 to 15 gallons used for pure or corrosive liquids. Made of glass, plastic, or metal, with a neck and sometimes a pouring tip, cushioned in a wooden box, wicker, basket or special drum |
Carboy |
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Easily transmitted from one person to another either through contact or close proximity |
Contagious |
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Density of a substance compared to density of some standard material If a material will float or sink in water |
Specific Gravity |
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Government mandated warning on the labels of hazardous products CAUTION, WARNING, DANGER, or POISON |
Signal Word |
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An illicit clandestine laboratory that produces methamphetamine |
Meth Lab |
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Radiation that causes a chemical change in atoms by removing their electrons |
Ionizing Radiation |
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Any material that is injurious to health when taken into the body |
Poison |
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Number stenciled on the exterior of a tank car to indicate the volume of the tank Under the Reporting Marks |
Capacity Stencil |
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Manual that identifies HAZMAT labels/placards; also outlines initial action guidelines to be taken at incidents. Developed jointly by U.S., Mexico, and Canada transportation agencies. |
(ERG) Emergency Response Guidebook |
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Diseases do not normally occur in the geographic area Large numbers of people with flu-like symptoms outside of flu season Unusual spraying activity |
Biological Attack Indicators |
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Energy waves composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields traveling at the speed of light; examples include visible light, radio waves, microwaves, infared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation. The least energetic type of radiation |
Nonionizing Radiation |
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Usually supplied by heat but can also come from radio waves, shock waves, radiation, or a pressure change Energy that starts a chemical reaction when added to an atomic or molecular system |
Activation Energy
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Materials that readily give off large amounts of oxygen; producing a strong reaction by readily accepting electrons from a reducing agent |
Strong Oxidizer |
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Weightless packet of electromagnetic energy, such as x-rays or visible light |
Photon |
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Hazards that prevent the body from absorbing oxygen |
Asphyxiation Hazards |
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Something that modifies a chemical reaction (usually increases) without being consumed in the fire |
Catalyst |
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Measure of a substance's tendency to evaporate |
Vapor Pressure |
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The way hazardous materials enter the body; inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, injection, absorption, and penetration |
Routes of Entry |
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Inhalation, Ingestion, Contact, Absorption |
The Four routes of entry for Haz Mat |
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Describes the typical sequence of events at an incident, broken into six stages |
(GEBMO) General Emergency Behavior Model |
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Stress, Breach, Release, Dispersion, Exposure, Harm |
Six stages of GEBMO |
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Thermal, Chemical, or Mechanical |
Stress The first stage of GEBMO |
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Disintegration, runaway cracking, puncture, split or tear, attachments open or break |
Breach The second stage of GEBMO |
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Detonation, violent rupture, rapid-relief, spill or leak |
Release The third stage of GEBMO |
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Cloud, cone, hemispheric, plume, pool, stream, irregular |
Dispersion/Engulf The fourth stage of GEBMO |
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Dispersed material come into short, medium, or long term contact with people |
Exposure/Contact The fifth stage of GEBMO |
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Some exposures may be harmful to people and/or the environment |
Harm The sixth stage of GEBMO |
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Biological safety cabinets, or improvised setups using plastic sheeting, plexiglas, duct tape, and fans. Glove ports built into the sides of box |
Glove Box |
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The weight of pure vapor or gas compared to an equal volume of dry air, at the same temperature and pressure |
Vapor Density |
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Toxic chemical that is produced in large quantities. They are intended for industrial use but can be used by terrorists to cause deliberate harm. At least 30 million tons per year |
(TIM) Toxic Industrial Material AKA Toxic Industrial Chemical |
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Percentage of a material that dissolves in water at ambient temperature |
Solubility |
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Condition, substance, or device that can directly cause injury or loss; the source of a risk |
Hazard |
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Short-term conditions that appear within hours or days, such as vomiting or diarrhea; often after exposure to a hazardous substance |
Acute Health Effects |
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Long-term conditions that may take years to appear. Often resulting from exposure to hazardous materials |
Chronic Health Effects |
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Thermal, radiological, asphyxiation, chemical, etiological/biological, mechanical |
TRACEM |
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Positively charged __________ are emitted from the nucleus of heavy radioactive elements Lose energy rapidly when traveling through matter Very harmful if ingested or inhaled Stopped by skin/paper |
Alpha Radiation |
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Form provided by chemical manufacturers and blenders; contains info about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response procedures, and wasted disposal procedures |
(SDS) Safety Data Sheet AKA Material Safety Data Sheet |
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Homemade bomb that is not deployed in a conventional military fashion |
(IED) Improvised Explosive Device |
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Ability of a substance to chemically react with other materials |
Reactivity |
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Electromagnetic Pulse Mushroom Cloud |
Nuclear Attack Indicators |
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The gradual inability to detect odors after initial exposure Can be extremely rapid with some toxins |
Olfactory Fatigue |
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Damage spread through an entire system; opposite of a local effect, which is limited to a single action |
Systemic Effect |
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Substance that can be dangerous to human health or the environment if not properly controlled |
Hazardous material HAZ MAT |
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Ability of a liquid or solid to mix with or dissolve in water |
Water Solubility |
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Florinated phosphinate that attacks the central nervous system Classified as a chemical warfare agent |
Sarin GB |
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Shipping paper that describes the cargo, origin, destination, and route; used in trucking and other industries, and typically placed in the cab of every truck tractor. Establishes the terms of a contract between shipper and carrier |
Bill of Lading |
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Ability of a substance to chemically react with other materials, and the speed with which that reaction takes place. |
Reactivity |
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Quantity of radiation energy absorbed into the body |
Radiation Dose |
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Burst of electromagnetic energy produced by a nuclear explosion Damage electronic systems by causing voltage and current surges |
(EMP's) Electromagnetic Pulse |
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Conventional high explosives wrapped with radioactive materials; designed to spread radioactive contamination over a wide area |
(RDD) Radiological Dispersal Device AKA Dirty Bomb |
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Subatomic particle that possesses a positive electric charge |
Protons |
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Chemicals that kill insects by disrupting their central nervous systems. Having the same effect on humans, they are sometimes used in terrorist attacks |
Organophosphate Pesticides |
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Most common at medical centers, nuclear power plants, research facilities, and transportation incidents |
Radiological Hazards |
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Hazards that involve extreme heat or cold |
Thermal Hazards |
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Chemical warfare agent that attacks the lungs, causing tissue damage |
Choking Agent |
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Process of being spread widely |
Dispersion |
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Temperature at which vapor pressure is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure |
Boiling Point |
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Gases that convert to liquids when cooled at or below -130 degrees |
Cryogens AKA Refrigerated Liquids and Cryogenic Liquids |
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Elevated temperature -can cause lethal burns, create fire and steam explosions Low temperature -absorb heat so quickly they can feeze nearby objects |
Two types of thermal hazards |
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Electronically powered machine that turns liquid medication into a mist |
Nebulizer |
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Colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with an odor of garlic or decaying fish Ignites spontaneously on contact with air A respiratory tract irritant that attacks the cardiovascular system, causing pulmonary edema, peripheral vascular collapse, and cardiac arrest and failure |
Phosphine |
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Material that meets any of the following criteria during transport: in a liquid phase, at or above 212 degrees intentionally heated at or above its liquid phase flash point of 100 degrees in a solid phase, at or above 464 degrees |
Elevated-Temperature Material |
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Weapon or device that can cause death or serious injury to a large number of people; may include chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive type weapons |
(WMD's) Weapons of Mass Destruction |
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Chemical that severely corrodes steel and damages human tissue |
Corrosive Material |
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Subatomic particle that possesses a negative electric charge |
Electron |
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Harmful viruses and bacteria; when used deliberately |
Etiological/Biological Hazards |
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Combination of letters and numbers stenciled on rail tank cars that may be used to get information about the car's contents from the railroad or shipper |
Reporting Marks AKA Railcar Initials and Numbers |
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Chemical substance intended for use in warfare or terrorist activity Designed to kill injure, or incapacitate |
Chemical Warfare Agent |
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Hazards that cause injury through blunt physical force |
Mechanical Hazards |
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Device that uses high pressure steam to sterilize objects |
Autoclave |
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Atom that has lost or gained an electron, giving it a positive or negative charge |
Ion |
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Microorganisms that cause severe illness or disease |
Etiological/Biological Hazards |
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Casualties distributed downwind or near ventilation Unexplained odors or tastes that seem inappropriate for the location Unexplained patterns of sudden, similar, nontraumatic illness or death |
Chemical Attack Indicators |
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Chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form larger molecules; this reaction can often be violent |
Polymerization |
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Alternate term for hazardous materials, used in Canada and other countries U.S. or Canadian term for hazardous materials aboard an aircraft |
Dangerous Goods |
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Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Neutron |
Four types of Ionizing Radiation |
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1 Location and Occupancies 2 Container types and shapes 3 Transport placards, labels, and markings 4 Other nontransport markings and colors 5 Written resources 6 Senses 7 Monitoring and detection devices |
Identifying Haz Mats Numbered in order for two reasons: Difficulty to detect and Risk to firefighters |
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13 Chemicals Lighter than air Hydrogen, Helium, Hydrogen Cyanide, Hydrogen Fluoride, Methane, Ethylene, Diborane, Illuminating Gases, Carbon Monoxide, Acetylene, Neon, Nitrogen, Ammonia |
4H MEDIC ANNA |
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Water-Soluable pH values from 8-14 Typically does not cause immediate pain but can cause severe eye damage because they adhere to the tissue |
Bases AKA Alkalis or Caustics |
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Chemicals that breakdown/ionize in water to yield hydrogen atoms pH values of 0-6.9 Typically causes immediate pain and possible severe burns |
Acids |
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Chemicals that cause permanent damage to anything they touch Two broad categories Acids/Bases Corrosivity levels are expressed in terms of pH |
Corrosives |
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Injury at the site where toxic chemicals contact the body, typically the skin, and the mucus membrane of the eyes, nose, mouth, and respiratory tract |
Local Toxic Effects |
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Alpha- Paper/Skin Beta- Clothing/Aluminum Gamma- Bone/Lead Neutron- Passes through the body/concrete |
Penetrating Powers of Radiation |
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Materials that include molten sulfur and molten aluminum, which are typically shipped at 1300 degrees |
Elevated-temperature materials |
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Liquefied gases become partially liquid at what temperature |
70 degrees |
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Cryogens are gases that turn into liquid at or below what temperature and psi |
-130 degrees and 14.7psi |
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Explain the pH scale |
0-6 Acids 7 Neutral Distilled Water 8-14 Bases |
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Specialized bacteria spread by infected fleas, ticks, and lice. They respond to antibiotics. But like viruses, they reproduce only in living cells |
Rickettsias |
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Produced by living organisms, even though the organism itself is usually not harmful. For example, ricin is a lethal toxin derived from castor beans. |
Biological Toxins |
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Blast-Pressure Wave Shrapnel Fragmentation Seismic Effect |
Mechanical Hazards |
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Cloud, Cone, Hemispheric, Irregular, Plume, Pool, Stream |
CCHIPPS acronym to remember the seven common dispersion patterns |
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Maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons as a receptacle for a liquid Maximum net mass is greater than 882 lbs or maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons as a receptacle for a solid Water capacity is 1001 lbs or greater as a receptacle for a gas |
Bulk Packaging Must Meet at Least One |
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If these tanks are storing any product, they will normally have a small amount of pressure up to 0.5 psi inside |
Non-pressure or Atmospheric Tanks |
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These tanks are divided into: Low-pressure & Pressure tanks/vessels |
Pressure Tanks |
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Storage tanks that have pressures between 0.5 psi and 15 psi |
Low-Pressure Tanks One of the two types of pressure tanks |
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Storage tanks that have pressures above 15 psi |
Pressure Tanks |
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U.S. Department of Transportation, Transport Canada, Ministry of Communications and Transport (Mexico) |
Transportation Placards, Labels, and Marking Clues |
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Orange Explosive 1 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
U.S. Placard Classes and Divisions Class 1 |
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Blast Pressure Wave, Shrapnel Fragmentation, Incendiary Thermal Effect, Seismic Effect, Chemical Hazards, Ability to self-contaminate with age, Sensitivity to shock and frictioin |
Hazards of Explosives Primary Hazards are thermal and mechanical |
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DOT defines as a material that has a vapor pressure greater than 43.5 psi at 122 degrees or is completely gaseous at 68 degrees at a standard pressure of 14.7 psi Red Green White Yellow 2 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class 2: Gases |
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Thermal, asphyxiation, chemical, and mechanical |
Potential Hazards of Gases |
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Red |
Division 2.1 Flammable Gas |
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Green |
Division 2.2 Non-flammable, Non-poisonous Gas |
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White |
Division 2.3 Gas Poisonous by Inhalation |
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Yellow |
Oxygen Placard |
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Generally a liquid having a flash point of not more than 140 degrees or any material in a liquid state with a flash point at or above 100 degrees that is intentionally heated and offered for transportation or transported at or above its flash point in a bulk packaging Red 3 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class 3: Flammable and Combustible Liquids
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Lethal Concentration |
LC |
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Lethal Dose |
LD |
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Thermal, asphyxiation, chemical, and mechanical |
Hazards of Flammable and Combustible Liquids |
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May be extremely difficult to extinguish Divided into three divisions Red/White Vertical Stripes White Upper/Red Lower Blue 4 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class 4: Flammable Solids, Spontaneously Combustible Materials, and Dangerous When Wet Materials |
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Divided into two divisions Yellow Red Upper/Yellow Lower 5 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides |
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Hazards include fires and explosions Thermal, Explosive, Chemical hazards, Ignition of Combustibles |
Hazards of Class 5 materials |
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White 6 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class 6: Poison (Toxic) and Poison Inhalation Hazard |
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Packing Group 1 Indicates |
Great Danger |
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Packing Group 2 Indicates |
Medium Danger |
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Packing Group 3 Indicates |
Low Danger |
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Yellow Upper/White Lower 7 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class: 7 Radioactive Materials |
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White Upper/Black Lower 8 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard |
Class: 8 Corrosive Material |
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White and Black Vertical Striped Upper/White Lower 9 Designated at 6 o'clock on placard Placard With the Signal Word "Dangerous" on it |
Class: 9 Dangerous Goods |
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Label with an all white background color that indicates that the external radiation level is low and no special stowage |
Radioactive 1 Label |
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Bottom: UN number Top: Class |
International Intermodal Container/Tank Markings |
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Blue: Health on Left Red: Flammability on Top Yellow: Instability on Right White: Additional Info on Bottom 0-4 on all sides; 0 being Minimal and 4 being most severe |
NFPA 704 System Placards |
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Minor health effects, such as eye or skin irritation |
Signal Word Caution |
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Moderate hazards, such as significant health effects or flammability |
Signal Word Warning |
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Highest degree of hazard, used for products with severe or deadly health effects, or products that explode when exposed to heat |
Signal Word Danger |
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Required in addition to Danger on the labels of highly toxic materials |
Signal Word Poison |
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Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, Gastrointestinal upset, Emesis, Miosis |
SLUDGEM acronym used to remember the symptoms of exposure to chemical warfare agents |
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Defecation, Urination, Miosis and Muscular twitching, Bronchospasm, Emesis, Lacrimation, Salivation |
DUMBELS acronym used to remember the symptoms of exposure to chemical warfare agents |
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For every pound of meth produced approximately how many pounds of hazardous waste is generated |
6 pounds |
