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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Potential energy |
The energy that's a body possesses by virtue of is position with respect to other bodies in the field of gravity. |
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Kinetic energy |
Is energy associated with motion. |
Motion |
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Temperature |
Measure of the energy of the average speed (average mot ion) of the atoms and molecules, where higher temperatures correspond to faster average speeds. |
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Absolute zero |
A temperature reading of -27C, -460F, or OK. Theoretically, there is no molecular motion at this temperature. |
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Heat |
Energy in the process of being transferred from one objects to another because of the temperature difference between them. |
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Absolute scale/ Kelvin scale |
A temperature scale with zero degrees equal to the theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion ceases. |
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What are the two temperature scales that are commonly use today? |
Fahrenheit and Celsius |
Fahrenheit, Celsius |
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Fahrenheit scale |
A temperature scale where 32 is assigned to the temperature where water freezes and 212 to the temperature at which water boils (at sea level). |
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When was the Fahrenheit scale developed and who was the creator? |
The Fahrenheit scale was developed in the early 1700s by the physicist G. Daniel Fahrenheit. |
1700s, physicist G. Daniel Fahrenheit |
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Celsius Scale |
A temperature scale where zero is assigned to the temperature where water freezes and 100 to the temperature where water boils (at sea level). |
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When was the Celsius scale introduced ? |
The Celsius scale was introduce later in the 18th century. |
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What is the formula for converting F° to C° ? |
°C= 5/9 (°F-32) |
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Latent heat |
The heat that is either released or absorbed by a unit mass of a substance when it undergoes a change of state, such as during evaporation, condensation, or sublimation. |
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Sensible heat |
The heat we can feel and measure with a thermometer. |
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How is latent heat is an important source of the atmospheric energy ? |
Latent heat is an important source of the atmospheric energy. Once vapor molecules become separated from the earth's surface, they are swept away by the wind, like dust before a broom. Rising to high altitudes where the air is cold, the vapor changes into liquid and ice cloud particles. A tremendous amount of heat energy is released into to the environment. |
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Conduction |
The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule with a substance. |
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Convection |
The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid (such as water and air). |
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Where does convection takes place? |
This type of heat takes place in liquid and gases because they can move freely, and it is possible to set up currents within them. |
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Wind |
The horizontally moving part of the circulation. |
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Advection |
The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by the wind. |
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What is a poor conductor of heat? |
Air is a poor conductor of heat. |
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Radiation / Radiant energy |
The energy transferred from the sun to your face. |
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How does radiant energy/Radiation travels? |
It travels in the form of waves that release energy when they are absorbed by an object. Because these waves have magnetic and electrical properties. |
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Photon |
A discrete quantity of energy that can be thought of as a packet of electromagnetic radiation traveling at the apples of light. |
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Which photon carries more energy? |
An ultraviolet (UV) photon carries more energy than a photon of viable light. |
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Do ultraviolet photons have enough energy to produce sunburns? |
Ultraviolet photon have enough energy to produce sunburns and penetrate skin tissue, sometimes causing skin cancer. |
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What is the first concept of radiation? |
1. All things (whose temperature is above absolute zero), no matter how big or small, emit radiation. The air, your body, flowers, trees, the earth, the stars, are all radiating a wide range of electromagnetic waves. The energy originates from rapidly vibrating electrons, billions of which exist in every object. |
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What is the second concept of radiation? |
2. The wavelength of radiation that an object emits depend primarily on the object's temperature. The higher the objects temperature, the shorter are the wavelengths of emitted radiation. |
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Wein's law |
A law of radiation which states that the wavelength of maximum emitted radiation by an object (ideally a black body) is inversely proportional to the objects absolute temperature. • All objects radiates heat = energy •The higher the temperature = shorter wavelength As the lower = cooler longer wavelength. |
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Stefan Boltzmann law |
Objects have a high temperature emit radiation at a greater rate or intensity than objects in lower temperature. As the temp. of an object Increases the more radiation. The relationship between temperature and emitted radiation is know as Stefan-Boltzmann law. |
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Why is the sky blue? |
The sky is blue because sunlight is scattered by O and N atoms toward short wavelengths. |
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Types of radiation |
Am radio waves Television waves Microwaves Infrared waves Visible light Ultraviolet X-rays |
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Ultraviolet (UV) |
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than X-rays but shorter than visible light |
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Blackbody |
Any object that is a perfect absorber (that is, absorbs all the radiation that strikes it) and a perfect emitter ( emits the maximum radiation possible at it's given temperature). |
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Radiative equilibrium temperature |
The temperature achieved when an object, behaving as a blackbody, is absorbing and emitting radiation at equal rates. |
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Selective absorbers |
Objects that selectively absorb and emit radiation, such as gasses in our atmosphere. |
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What are the selective absorbers in the environment? |
For example, snow is a good absorber of infrared radiation, but a poor absorber of sunlight. |
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What gasses are strong absorbers of infrared radiation? |
Water vapor and carbon dioxide |
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