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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chapter 2
Origins of American Governemt History 12 |
Chapter 2
Origins of American Governemt History 12 |
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Limited Government
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the idea that government is not all-powerful. That is, government is limited in what it may do, and each individual has certain rights that governments cannot take away
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Representative Government
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the governemtent should serve the will of the people. People should have a voice in what the government should and should not do.
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Magna Carta
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a group of determined barons forced King John to sign. to seek protection against heavy taxes and arbitary acts. also incuded rights such as trial by jury, dur process of law, protection against the arbitrary taking of life, liberty, or property.
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Petition of Right
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limited the king's power by demanding that the kind not imprison political critics without trial by jury; not declare artial law, or rule by the military, during peacetime;nor require people to shelter troops without the homeowner's consent.
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English Bill of Rights
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prohibited a standing army in peacetime, except with the consent of Parliament, and required that all parliamentary elections be free. Right to a fair and speedy trial and freedom from excessice bail and from cruel and unusual punishment.
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Charter
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a written grant of authority from the king
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Bicameral
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(two-house) had the power to tax and the power to spend.
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Unicameral
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(one house)
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Albany Plan of Union
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Franklin proposed the formation of an annual congress of delegates from each of the 13 colonies. That body would have the power to raise military and naval forces, make war and peace with the Native Americans, regulate trade with them, levy taxes, and collect customs duties
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Boycott
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a refusal to buy or sell
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Consitution
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bodies of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, or conventions were commonly used to draft and then adopt these new documents
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Popular Sovereignty
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the government can exist and function only with the consent of the governed. It is the people who hold power; it is the poeple who are sovereign.
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Ratification
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formal approval
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Articles of Confederation
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established "a firm league of friendship" among the States.
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Virgina Plan
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called for a new government with three separate branches; legislative, executive, and judical.
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New Jersey Plan
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would have kept the unicameral congress of the Confederation, with each of the States equally represented
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Connecticut Compromise
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under this it was agreed that congress should be composed of two houses
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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all "free persons" should be counted and so should three-fifths of all other persons.
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Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
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Congress was forbidden the power to tax the export of goods from any state. it was also forbidden the power to act on the slave trade for a period of at least 20 years
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Federalists
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favored ratification
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Anti-Federalists
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opposed ratification
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