Chapter 2. Categorical Syllogisms

Front 1

categorical sentence

Back 1

N/A. See text. 2.1

Front 2

Quanitifier

Back 2

a term that expresses a quantity. Examples: "all", "no", and "some"

Front 3

Universal Generalization

Back 3

a type of categorical sentence that employs a universal quantifier. All sentences reducible to A and E sentence forms are universal generalizations.

Front 4

Existential Quantifier

Back 4

a quantifier (or equivalent expression) used to indicate that something exists. Examples: "some", "there is at least one"

Front 5

Reference Class

Back 5

the class or group of things associated with the subject of a categorical sentence. The reference class is the first class that appears in standard-form categorical sentences.

Front 6

Universal Quantifier

Back 6

a quantier ranging over every member of a given category, if there are any such members. Examples: "all", "no", "every", "any"

Front 7

Copula

Back 7

a term relating the subject of a sentence to the predicate. Examples: "are", "are not"

Front 8

predicate class

Back 8

N/A see text.

Front 9

A, E, I, and O sentences

Back 9

N/A see text.

Front 10

categorical syllogism

Back 10

a syllogism made up of categorical sentences. Contains Minor term, Major term, and Middle term.

Front 11

rules for validity

Back 11

1. If the premises are true, then the conclusion is true.
2. It is impossible for the premises to be true while the conclusion is false.

Front 12

contradictory sentences

Back 12

sentences that always have opposite truth values

Front 13

target class

Back 13

the class or group of things associated with the predicate of a categorical sentence. The target class is the second class that appears in standard-form categorical sentences.