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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2.1 Atomic Structure and Isotopes |
Specification Reference 2.1.1 |
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What is an isotope?
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses. Most elements are made up of a mixture of isotopes. |
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How do isotopes react compared to a normal element? |
Different isotopes of the same element have the same number of electrons. The number of neutrons has no effect on reactions. Different isotopes, therefore, react in the same way. |
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2.2 Relative Mass |
Specification Reference 2.1.1 |
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Define relative isotopic mass |
Relative isotopic mass is the mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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Define relative atomic mass |
Relative atomic mass is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
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What is a mass spectrometer used for? |
A mass spectrometer finds the percentage abundances of the isotopes in a sample of an element. |
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How do you calculate the relative atomic mass? |
(Percentage abundance A x Mass number) + (Percentage abundance B x Mass number B) Divide all this by 100. |
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Formulae and Equations |
Specification Reference 2.1.2 |
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How do you write formulae for ions? |
The overall formula has an overall charge of zero so the ionic charges must balance. The sum of positive charges = sum of negative charges. Zinc Chloride = Zn(2+) + Cl(-) = ZnCl(2) |
