Chapter 2: An Introduction To System Concepts And Systems Architecture

Front 1

A collection of components linked together and organized in such a way as to be recognizable as a single unit

Back 1

system

Front 2

outside the boundary for the system

Back 2

environment

Front 3

defined way in which the system interacts with its environment

Back 3

system interface

Front 4

system within a system

Back 4

subsystem

Front 5

the division of a subsystem or subsystem into its components and linkages

Back 5

decomposition

Front 6

The fundamental properties, and the patterns of relationships, connections, constraints and linkages among components and between the system and its environment

Back 6

architecture of the system

Front 7

representation of a system and their components by models or drawings on paper or objects within a computer program

Back 7

Abstractions

Front 8

Ability to decompose systems into components, hierarchically, which allows us to concentrate at the appropriate levels of detail during each step along the way

Back 8

top-down approach

Front 9

a program on a client computer accepts services and resources from a complementary program on a server computer

Back 9

client-server model

Front 10

there are two computers involved in the service (also n computers involved in a service)

Back 10

n-tier architecture

Front 11

system to allow different systems communicate with one another even though they may be incompatible

Back 11

middleware

Front 12

organization's internal network

Back 12

intranet

Front 13

many functions of an organization's data center can be moved to services on the Internet

Back 13

cloud computing

Front 14

Software applications that run on a server, delivering the results to the display on a client

Back 14

software as a service

Front 15

cloud services to the software facilities that one would expect to find on a developer's computer: Web and programming developments tools, facilities, a Web server, and operation system API.

Back 15

Platform as a service

Front 16

Cloud-based hardware emulation in the form of virtual machines, networking and the like

Back 16

Infrastructure as a service

Front 17

treats computers in a network as equals, with appropriate permissions, any computer on the network can view the resources of any other computer on the network and can share those resources.

Back 17

Peer-to-peer computing

Front 18

Instruction cycle

Back 18

steps that a computer takes to perform an instruction also known as the fetch-execute cycle

Front 19

Fetch

Back 19

Computer finds out what the instruction he is to execute

Front 20

Execute

Back 20

computer actually performs the work specified in the instruction

Front 21

The control unit determines the particular instruction to be executed by reading the contents of this

Back 21

Program counter also called the instruction pointer

Front 22

within the control unit supervises the fetching of instructions and data from memory

Back 22

memory management unit

Front 23

I/O interface unit and memory management unit may be combined to form this

Back 23

bus interface unit

Front 24

single, permanent storage location within the CPU used for a particular, defined purpose

Back 24

register

Front 25

Holds the address of the current instruction being executed

Back 25

PC or IP

Front 26

holds the actual instruction being executed currently by the computer

Back 26

instruction register

Front 27

holds the address of a memory location

Back 27

memory address register

Front 28

sometimes known as the memory buffer register, will hold a data value that is being stored to or retrieved from the memory location currently addressed by the memory address register

Back 28

Memory data register

Front 29

Control unit contains these important registers (Hint: 4)

Back 29

Program counter, instruction register, memory address register, and memory data register

Front 30

the physical connection that transfers data from one location in the computer system to another

Back 30

bus

Front 31

Each conductor in the bus

Back 31

line

Front 32

a bus in which there is an individual line for each bit of data address and control being used

Back 32

parallel bus

Front 33

a bus in which data is transferred on the bus can be transferred simultaneously

Back 33

Serial bus

Front 34

a bus that carries signals from a single specific source to a single specific destination

Back 34

point-to-point bus

Front 35

A bus that is used to connect several points together

Back 35

multipoint bus